蔡英文總統政府運作的相關考察

A Study of President Tsai Ing-wen’s Efforts toManage the Government

本文是從台灣政治制度的特徵及其影響的角度，分析蔡英文總統就職三個多月以來，於政府運作上努力的成效。隨著2016 年的政黨輪替，台灣在民主化後，第一次出現了由民進黨所領導的完全執政。一般認為蔡英文總統因為完全執政的局面，能夠順利執政並推動改革。但實際上蔡政府卻面臨了行政部門與立法部門的意見不協調等困境。台灣在現行半總統制之下，總統能夠在制度上運用的權力、資源非常有限。總統為了彌補正式制度上的不足，必須倚靠非正式或者非憲法上的機制。順利推動執政的關鍵，在於總統是否能確保執政黨的一體性。本文欲指出蔡總統冀望其“執政團隊”進行溝通、協調，求取意見一致，意即提高執政團隊的凝聚性來達成及確保執政團隊的一體性。

Focusing on the characteristics of Taiwan’s political system and itsinfluences, this paper aims to analyze President Tsai Ing-wen’s endeavors tomanage the workings of the government after assuming office for 3 months.With the power transition in 2016, a unified government led by the DPPemerged for the first time in Taiwan after the democratization. President TsaiIng-wen is therefore widely expected to establish a strong executive body andto push through reforms.However, the reality was quite different from the expectations. PresidentTsai was confronted with difficulties, such as the disarray or disagreementbetween the executive branch and the legislative branch. Under thedistinctive features of Taiwan’s semi-presidentialism, the presidential poweris limited and restrained. As a result, to supplement the defects of formalinstitutions, the president has to depend on informal or even nonconstitutionalmechanisms— that is, supports from his/her own political party.For president, the key to the efficient and effective government is to ensurethe unity of the ruling party.This paper points out that President Tsai tries to achieve a unified“executive team,” by encouraging the members to communicate, negotiateand ultimately, to reach consensus. In other words, this is done by enhancingcohesion, rather than exerting disciplines, as to establish a unified executivebody.