馬英九政府執政時期兩岸經濟關係之變化與「中國因素」

Cross-Strait Economic Relations underthe Ma Ying-jeou Administration:Developments and the China Factors

本文旨在試論自2014 年的「太陽花運動」至2016 年1 月總統大選暨立法委員選舉，民進黨獲得大勝的過程，並以這一段時期台灣政局變遷的背景因素來解析馬英九執政時期之兩岸經濟關係演變。以馬政權執政為契機，長久以來兩岸間自台灣向中國單向流動的人才、資金、商品轉為雙向流動的模式。同時在馬執政時期，中國亦積極展開對台灣釋出利多作為政治攏絡政策。然而隨著人民有感於中國透過經濟商業通路，將中國的政治影響力向台灣社會的政治構造進行滲透，與此同時台灣部分的企業家與政治人物亦扮演著協助者的角色，台灣人對於台灣與中國間密切的經濟依存關係的背景認知亦產生變化。自2014 至2016 年台灣政局變遷愈趨白熱化，其背景因素在於，台灣人民察知且有感於上述中國因素的能見度，進而引發對中國因素滲入台灣政治社會的反彈，換言之，馬執政時期，中國因素在台灣政治社會中的擴張，是此台灣政局變遷之背景因素及過程。其作用力反映在以學生為首發起的「太陽花運動」及2016 年總統大選的政黨輪替。

The Sunflower Movement, broke out in March 2014, has triggereddrastic changes in political panorama in Taiwan. Consequentially, the DPPwon an overwhelming victory in presidential and parliament elections inJanuary, 2016. This article analyzes the cross-strait political and economicrelations under the Ma Ying-jeou administration (2008-2016) and elucidatesthe backgrounds of the political shifts.Under the Ma administration, cross-strait interactions in both investmentand human mobility increased and were noticeably more active—since thelate 2000s changing from unidirectional to bidirectional. Meanwhile, Chinalaunched the favor-granting policies that directly targeted at the Taiwanese.While the two changes have led to the penetration of China’s politicalinfluences into Taiwanese society, the enhanced visibility of “China Factors”has caused growing anxiety and concern among Taiwanese people over theaccelerating economic integration with China. Thus, the developments havetriggered the political shifts in Taiwan from 2014 through 2016.