日治時期臺北的都市化──以自來水道建置為探討中心（ 1907-1933 ）

The Urbanization of Taipei City in the Japanese Colonial Period : Discussion on The Construction of Waterworks（ 1907-1933 ）

自古以來，水資源一直是人類聚落發展的重要因素之一。臺灣早期屬於移墾型社會，優良的水源往往吸引人群聚居，較易發展為聚落，當聚落進一步都市化的同時，人口密集的結果造成用水需求激增，如何取得潔淨而充足的水源便是維繫都市發展的關鍵。臺北市是清末迄今整個臺灣島的政治中心，光緒十一年（1885）臺灣建省後，首任巡撫劉銘傳選擇將臺灣巡撫衙門及布政使司衙門設置於城內，其後任邵友濂更明定臺北城為省會，這也是臺北市成為今日全臺的政治中心之肇始。在日本治臺期間，又將總督府官衙的設置於臺北市，如此一來，臺北市便成為日本殖民統治的的樞紐及首善之區。有鑑於此，在臺灣都市發展史的研究上，日治時期臺北的都市化具有其指標性的意義。筆者擬以都市化為研究主軸，從現代化的象徵－－「自來水道」的設置著手，探究日治時期總督府對於臺北市自來水道的設置理念、方法策略、實行過程與實際成效，也希望透過本文的研究，釐清在都市化過程中，殖民政府與臺灣民眾的互動關係。

From ancient times to the present,the water resourceremained one of themost important factors for village community development. It was the migrantworker society in the early period of Taiwan history.Where there was near the purewater source there was easier to attract more people to live in and developed avillage.As a village enlarged to be a city,the result of concentrated population madea requirement of water increasing quickly.How to get pureand sufficientwater is thekey point for maintaining city development. From late Qing period up to now,Taipei city is still the political centerofTaiwan.After Taiwan became one province of Qing dynasty inGuangxu （光緒） 11th year (1885),first governor in Taiwan- Liu Mingchuan （劉銘傳） chose Taipei city as the location of governor’s government and theBuzheng Shi department （布政 使司） .The second governor Shao Youlian （劭友濂） stipulated Taipei city as the provincial capital.That was the beginning for Taipei becoming a politicalcenter.During Japanese colonial period, Taiwan governor general office was set upin Taipei city by Japanese government.Because of it,Taipei turned into the hinge andthe model for all placesin Taiwan. In view of the above, the modernization of Taipei during Japanese colonialperiod had indicative meaning in the history of the development of Taiwan city. Iplan to use modernization as the main point for my research and try to investigatethe symbol ofmodernization-“tap water system”. I will discuss theidea,method,strategy and process of implementing of Taiwan governor generaloffice for setting tap water system.I also hope to clarify the interaction betweenJapanese colonial government and Taiwanese in modernized process in my research.