戰時體制下臺灣原住民青年與學生的觀光旅行（1937-1945）

The Sightseeing and Educational Excursion of Taiwan Aboriginal Youth and Students under World War II （ 1937-1945 ）

日本自1895年據有臺灣後，為防止原住民發生反亂，除以武力鎮壓外，也時常舉辦島內外觀光，並以軍事設施為主要參觀標的，藉此告知原住民勿與日人為敵而生事端，以收威嚇統治之效。至於未來將成為部落中堅的青年與學生，總督府為求教化實效，也常利用觀光與修學旅行活動，讓青年團員與蕃童教育所或農業講習所的學生，體會日本文明的優越，進而產生可能對日本的認同。隨1937年中日戰爭爆發，臺灣進入到戰時體制，原以教化為主的觀光旅行活動重要性稍減，強調神社參拜、軍事設施參觀與軍人軍眷慰問等活動，反成為此時觀光旅行的主要內容。本文主要利用《理蕃の友》與《臺灣日日新報》等材料，探究戰時體制下臺灣原住民青年團與學生的觀光旅行梗概，除揭示此等活動之目的與特殊性外，也嘗試檢驗成效；另方面，青年團員與原住民學生在觀光旅行後之認知與因應為何，雖不易處理，本文亦稍加嘗試。

When Japan occupied Taiwan in1895, in order to prevent the aboriginalanti-Japan events occurred, not only suppressed by the force, but held the domesticsightseeing for them, especially introduced military facilities as the main targets,warned them do not against Japan government, and then achieved the effect ofcontrol according such arranged. Because aboriginal youth and students will become the backbone of tribes inthe future, Taiwan Governor Office pursuits the fruits of enlightenment, often holdsthe sightseeing and educational excursion activities for youth crops and students,who belongs to Aboriginal Elementary School and Agricultural Training School,makes them understand Japanese civilization more superior, and thus generates theidentity toward Japan finally. In1937, Sino-Japanese War was broke out, Taiwan was pushed into thewartime system. The visiting contents of tours set by Taiwan Govern Office did notemphasize on the enlighten meanings, but Shinto Shrines worshiped, militaryinstallations visited, military personnel and their dependents comforted became themain items. This paper use the 'The Friends of Controlling Aborigines' ,'Taiwan DailyNews', and other historical materials to explore the contents of aboriginal youthsightseeing and students excursion under wartime, in addition to revealing thepurposes and particularity of such activities, but finding the final results; in otherwords, the members of Aboriginal Youth Crop and students after sightseeing andexcursion, what are their cognition and thinking. Though it is not easy to answer,this paper still wants to analyze such questions.