一九四九年前後永灝輪修理情況之述評

The Case of the Vessel Repair of Yong-Hao before and after 1949

1948年至1951年所發生的永灝輪案是一件從單純的修船事件演變為國際糾紛的重要案件。其中所涉及的國家相當廣，有中華民國政府、中華人民共和國政府、英國、美國、日本與菲律賓。但此往學界對此案較少探討，而坊間的文章又多為回憶錄性質，並集中探討永灝輪「起義」的經過。在這樣的論述架構下，往往忽略了永灝輪修理過程中的國際合作情況，以及中國民國政府在修理永灝輪的過程中，其所遭遇的難題和解決之道。這使得討論變得片斷且不完全。況且，「起義」的說法是否仍適用於現今，亦是值得我們反思的問題。因此，本文爬梳臺灣的國史館以及中央研究院近代史研究所庋藏的檔案資料，針對永灝輪修理過程中的國際合作情況，以及永灝輪修理過程中，中華民國政府面臨什麼難題？它是如何去因應等相關問題作探討，冀求補足歷史研究上的空白之處。

The case of “Yong-Hao” that happened from 1948 to 1951 evolved from a simple vessel repair to an important lawsuit in international dispute. There were quite a few countries involved, including the ROC government, the PRC government, the United Kingdom, United States, Japan and the Philippines. In the past, few scholars have paid attention to this case while many stories belong to memoirs nature and depict the case of a kind of 'Uprising.' Therefore, people often ignore that there was an international cooperation in the aspect of vessel repair and the efforts of the ROC government in the repair process. Under this background, the picture of vessel repair has become fragments and incomplete while the story of 'uprising' is questionable. This article, based on the material from Academia Historica and the Institute of Modern History of Academia Sinica, will explore the international cooperation in vessel repair of Yong-Hao and the ROC government’s dealing with the repair problem.