漢英事件強迫之比較研究

A Comparative Study of Event Coercion between Chinese and English

本文旨在比較漢語和英語在事件強迫（尤其是賓語強迫）方面的差異，並進一步探究其原因。語料顯示：事件強迫是一種普遍的語言學機制，在兩種語言中都有廣泛的應用，但在英語中更普遍。相比之下，漢語更傾向於讓動詞出現在句法表層，事件外顯，隱含動詞的事件強迫現象較缺乏。究其原因，不是因為兩種語言名詞詞彙化的不同，而是因為事件強迫觸發詞的性質不同。換言之，漢語名詞並不缺乏事件資訊，而是漢語中的事件動詞、時間連接詞和形容詞缺乏事件強迫能力（事件激活能力）或者事件強迫能力較弱。此外，還與語言類型學有關。

This paper aims to explore the difference between Mandarin Chinese and English in event coercion, especially complement coercion, and tries to offer an account for it. The data show that while event coercion is a universal linguistic mechanism and is pervasive in both languages, it is more pervasive in English. In other words, while in English some event information is left unexpressed in surface form, in Chinese it tends to be expressed directly on the syntactic level. Rather than attributing this difference to the different lexicalization of nouns in these two languages, this paper argues that it is due to the trigger of coercion. That is, nominals in Chinese do not show the lack of intra-nominal event information, but eventive verbs, adjectives and temporal connectives in Chinese have no or weaker coercion potentials than their English equivalents. This is correlated with typological traits.