台北社子方言的語音變異與變化

The Sound Variation and Change of Shezi Dialect in Taipei City

本文探究台北社子方言的語音變異與變化，研究問題是：(1) 社子老、中、青三代是否仍保有新同安腔的方音特點；(2) 社子方言是否為保存最多新同安腔特色的方言；(3) 社子方言有哪些新興音變，影響的機制為何。為了回答上述問題，我們採用詞彙調查法，調查120 位台北市老同安及新同安區的居民。研究發現隨著世代交替，社子方言的方音特色逐漸式微。相較於老同安及新同安核心區，社子方言〈居居〉類白話詞彙保留更完整的新同安特點。〈刀高〉類及陽入原調有無關漳、泉變體的新興音變，本文運用分散理論，並從語言因素及社會因素來分析影響社子新興音變的因素，發音省力是影響社子方言新興音變的語言因素，影響音變最顯著的社會因素是年齡，性別則不具影響力。

This study investigates the sound variation and change of Shezi dialect in Taipei City. We aim to probe several questions about Shezi dialect: (1) the reservation of New Tongan dialect in Shezi among different age groups; (2) whether or not it reserves more characteristics of New Tongan dialect in the city; (3) the new trend of sound variation and change of the dialect; (4) how linguistic and social factors affect the variation and change of the dialect. The research based on a survey of 64 Shezi citizens shows that when compared with other rural areas of Taipei City, Shezi dialect preserves more characteristics of New Tongan dialect for one of the two rhymes in this study. However, it is decaying and is now less used as we look into the younger group. As we study the sound variations except those caused by “the Zhang-Quan competition,” we tell the variations with linguistic and social factors. The results show that “the minimizing articulatory effort” is the key to drive those new sound change, and age is the obvious social factor to the change while gender is not.