菲律賓南島語的伴同動詞之發展

On the Development of Comitative Verbs in Philippine Languages

本文探討菲律賓南島語的伴同動詞之分布與歷時演變。透過探究下列三個研究問題的答案，我們得以重建菲律賓南島語的伴同動詞之演變途徑。(1)「伴同」的概念是如何在菲律賓南島語的形態句法結構上表現出來的？(2) 是否有任何一個構形成分 (formative) 是常被用來表達伴同的概念？如果有的話，此構形成分是否可以被重建至菲律賓南島語的共同始祖語言？(3) 此常用的伴同標記是否有其他功能？如果有的話，我們是否能建構出這些功能的可能發展途徑？

This paper deals with both the synchronic distribution and the diachronic change of comitative verbal forms in Philippine languages. Three research questions are addressed in this paper. First, how is the notion of comitativity encoded morphosyntactically in Philippine languages? Second, is there any formative that is commonly used to encode comitativity in Philippine languages? If there is, can such formative(s) be reconstructed for the immediate ancestor language of all Philippine languages? Third, does the common comitative marking have other functions? If so, can we posit a path for the development of these functions? Comparative data will also be drawn from other Malayo-Polynesian languages.