正常足月新生兒腋溫及背溫測量之比較

A Comparison of Axillary and Skin-to-Mattress Temperature in Stable Full-term Neonates

本研究目的為(1）探討足月新生兒股溫與背溫測量達穩定溫度及最大溫度之時間，及其所測得之平均溫度﹔（2）比較肢混與背混肉之差異及相關性﹔（3）探討股溫與背混測量之理想時間。以立意取樣方式，於南部某醫學中心之嬰兒室針對32位正常足月新生兒，以水銀體溫計先後測量背溫15分鐘、服溫10分鐘。研究者每分鐘紀錄溫度變化，直到水銀在體溫計中不再上升的狀態持續一分鐘即達穩定溫度，而在穩定溫度後 所獲得的最大體溫計刻度即為最大溫度值。研究結采顯示：(1).股溫之穩定及最大溫度分別為 36.9 ±.2。C及37±.2。c，其所需之測量時間分別為3.3士 .7分鐘及5.9± 2.4分鐘﹔（2）背溫之穩定及最大溫度分別36.6±.3℃及36.8±.2℃’所需時間分別為4.3士 .9分鐘及8.8士 3.5分鐘。比較股溫與背溫之穩定溫度、 最大溫度及所需之測量時間，在統計上均主現顯著之差異（ p < .001） ﹔（3）在測量時間達 7分鐘後， 背溫與股溫呈現高度正相關（ r > .8 ）﹔（4）理想的背混與股溫之測量時間均應在10分鐘以上。此研究結果可供護理人員測量正常足月新生兒體溫之參考依據。

The purpose of this study was to explore stabilization temperatures (reading constant for 1 minute) and maximum temperatures at axillaiy and skin-to-mattress sites. Thirty-two normal full-term neonates were purposely chosen from a nurseiy of a medical center in southern Taiwan. Axillary and skin-to-mattress temperatures were measured consecutively for 10 and 15 minutes respectively, using a glass thermometer. Results revealed that (1) stabilization temperature and maximum temperature at axilla were 36.9 ± 0.2°C and 37±0.2°C with required measuring times of 3.3 ± 0.7 minutes and 5.9 ± 2.4 minutes respectively; (2) stabilization temperature and maximum temperature for skin-to-mattress were 36.6 ± 0.3°C and 36.8 ± 0.2°C with required measuring times of 4.3 ± 0.9 minutes and 8.8 ± 3.5 minutes respectively, which were significantly different from the measures at the axillary site (p ＜ .001); (3) skin-to-mattress and axillary temperatures were highly correlated (r＞ .8) while the measuring time 7 minutes, and (4)the optimal placement time (90% of infants reaching stabilization temperature at axillary or skin-to-mattress sites) was 10 minutes.