香港粵語上聲變化初探：語音實驗研究

A Preliminary Study on the Change of Rising Tones in Hong Kong Cantonese: An Experimental Study

本文考察15個以粵語為母語的受訪者在閱讀理解和發音兩方面，陰上和陽上的分合情況。我們發現大部分受訪者在閱讀理解和發音兩方面都能把陰上和陽上區分開來。只有少數受訪者的上聲出現變化。至於陰上和陽上併合的方向，在單字閱讀理解中，把兩調相混的受訪者都一致地把陽上字“耳＂判斷為陰上字。在發音方面，既有受訪者把陰上併到陽上，也有受訪者把陽上混到陰上。此外，上聲變化在單字中較為明顯。最後，從詞彙擴散的角度看，陰上單字及雙字併到陽上的比陽上單字及雙字併到陰上的多。

This study examines the merger situation of the two rising tones in the comprehension and production of 15 speakers of Hong Kong Cantonese. The result shows that most of them differentiated the two rising tones in both comprehension and production. Only few speakers exhibited changes in their rising tones. Regarding the direction of change, in the comprehension of citation forms, the speakers who merged the two rising tones unanimously identified the low-rising word ji ‘ear’ as a high-rising word; in production, the two rising tones were merged in both directions. Moreover, the merger of the rising tones in citation forms was more prominent. Last, from the perspective of lexical diffusion, there were more citation forms and compound forms of the high-rising tone that were merged to the low-rising tone than those of the low-rising tone that were merged to the highrising tone.