中文動詞語意網的建構：由陳述動詞出發

The Construction of Mandarin VerbNet: A Frame-based Study of Statement Verbs

本文介紹「中文動詞語意網」的架構及原則。有別於目前國際上已研發出的數個資料庫僅列出詞彙語意卻無語法考量，「中文動詞語意網」提供的語意訊息以語法表現為根據，並以語言學理論為基礎，探討影響語法現象的詞彙語意屬性。本語意網著重語法與語意的系統性連結，以語法表現及共現模式為語意分類之依據。本研究採用框架語意學理論 (Fillmore & Atkins 1992)，將動詞語意在語意框架的基礎上定義，建構一個以框架為本的動詞詞彙庫。不同於英文框架網路 (FrameNet) 的架構，本詞網區分了語意範圍大小有所不同的四種相對框架，作為語意範疇間階層結構的依歸。本研究改良自之前的研究 (Liu, Chiang & Chang 2004, Liu & Wu 2003, Liu 2002)，以中文陳述動詞為例，介紹目前最新的分析架構。本研究最終目標為建立一個有語言學理論基礎，操作上有方法、有效率，並以語法表現為根據，訊息完整而深入的語意分析表徵系統。

This paper introduces the infrastructure and the principles of a semantic framework used for the analysis and classification of verbs, developed with the aim of constructing a lexical database of Mandarin verbal semantics, called the Mandarin VerbNet. Distinct from most existing lexical databases that enumerate word senses without detailed grammatical considerations, the Mandarin VerbNet is designed to provide lexical semantic information based on grammatical descriptions and anchored in linguistic theories. It looks for systematic correlations between syntax and semantics and classifies verbs according to these syntax-to-semantics correspondences. The framework adopts the approach of Frame Semantics (Fillmore & Atkins 1992) in defining verb meanings in a semantic frame and building a frame-based verbal lexicon, but it differs from the structure of the English FrameNet in distinguishing different scopes of frames. Evolved and refined from previous works (Liu, Chiang & Chang 2004, Liu & Wu 2003, Liu 2002), this study summarizes the current model of the analytic framework with a detailed illustration from Mandarin statement verbs. It ultimately seeks to identify a theoretically sound and operationally effective representational scheme that bases its semantic analysis on grammatical behaviors and provides linguistic motivations for its semantic classifications.