漢語無指「它」的句法分析

The Syntax of the Non-Referential TA ‘it’ in Mandarin Chinese

漢語有一個無指「它」，出現在“好好地喝它兩杯＂和“睡它一會＂這樣的句式中。文獻上現有的三種分析──雙賓語句式分析、AgrOP投射分析、以及謂詞性成分回指代詞分析──都無法全面解釋無指「它」的句法特性。本文力圖求證這個「它」是一個不定指的限定成分，在底層結構中處於D位置，但在表層結構中粘附於它前面的動詞。

This paper discusses the syntax of the Chinese non-referential ta ‘it’ as it occurs after the verb in haohao-de he ta liang-bei ‘Drink two cups’ or shui ta yi huir ‘Sleep for a while’. After presenting the problems of three previous analyses (the ditransitive, AgrOP, and VP proform analyses), we argue that the non-referential ta is an indefinite determiner clitic which is the head of DP and is adjoined to its preceding verb. Such an analysis not only better accounts for the Chinese data but also has an important implication with respect to Uriagereka’s (1995) observation about the specificity of clitics in general and their relation to Diesing’s (1992) Mapping Hypothesis.