身心障礙者家庭暴力與性侵害之研究

A Study of Family Violence and Sexual Assault on People with Diabilities

本研究主要是透過內政部「家庭暴力與性侵害」及「身心障礙」資料庫交叉比對過程，探討身心障礙個人特性與障礙類型，在家庭暴力與性侵害之分佈概況，同時也進一步瞭解身心障礙者遭受家庭暴力或性侵害之通報來源與居住區域之分佈概況。研究發現：在家庭暴力身心障礙的通報案件中，肢障與精障所占比例較高，在性侵害通報案件卻是以智障居多。女性障礙者並未因障礙類型不同而影響受暴率，男性肢障遭受家庭暴力風險較高。女性遭受性侵害的比例，占所有障礙人口的九成五，男性只占少數，無論女性或男性智障都是性侵害的高風險人口。通報來源中有五成來自高高屏與中彰投兩個區域，通報案件中有九成來自衛政與警政單位的通報，表示在家庭暴力與性侵害防治網絡中，衛政與警政單位通報參與較高，而其他單位參與較低。不同障礙類型的通報明顯不同，衛政單位通報中有三成是肢障、其次精障(29.8%)，而警政單位的通報有四成是肢障、其次為精障(24.6%)，社政單位的通報有28.7%是精障、肢障占27.8%，防治中心的通報精障比率高占第一，而來自教育單位的通報高達七成是智障。在家庭暴力通報案件中，有八成以上是熟識者；在性侵害通報案件中，熟識者只占五成五左右，陌生人(20.39%)與不詳(26.58%)高達四成五。受到資料庫完整性的限制，使得本研究結果無法進一步推論全國身心障礙者之受暴概況，建議政府應針對不同障礙類型進行調查，以瞭解障礙者受暴虐概況，同時也檢討資料庫設計，是否方便實務與研究的整合。

The purpose of this study, based on analyzing two databases of family violence and disability, are three. The first is to protrait the current status of family violence and sexual assault on people with disabilities. The second is to explore the characteristics and social backgrounds of family violence and sexual assault on people with diabilities. The third is to understand the interaction among the preventing systems of family violence and sexual assault. Due to shortages from databases, the researcher cannot predict, based on this study, the prevalence of family violence and sexual on people with diabilities.Previous studies have indicated that the prevalence of family violence and sexual assault on people with disabilities is higher than people without disabilities. The results of this study show that male disabilities are more likely to experience physical abuse than female disabilities, however, female disabilities are more likely to experience sexual abuse than male disabilities. Ninty-five percentage of victims of sexual assault are female, male consists less than 5%. People with physical or psychiatric disability are more likely to be victims of family violence, but people with intellectual disability are more likely to be victims of sexual assault. About 50% of victims of family violence and sexual assaut are from Kaohsiung city, Kaohsiung county and Pintong county, and ninety percentage of victims are reported by both police and health department. 80% abusers of family violence are from family members, relatives or friends. However, the cases of sexual assault by family members, relatives or friends are only 55%. The fact of sexual assault by strangers is desirable to be concerned.