探討不同層級因素對青少年吸菸行為階段的影響——以新竹地區高級中學在校生為例

Exploring the effects of different dimensions on the stage of smoking behavior among the senior high school students in Hsinchu area, Taiwan

本研究旨在探討不同層級因素對青少年吸菸行為階段的影響。以新竹縣市十二所高中、高職一至三年級學生為對象，有效研究樣本為 6,152 名在校生，採結構式問卷在課堂內填答，問卷回收後應用 SPSS 電腦軟體，以 Logistic MutipleRegression 分析個人層級、家庭層級及同儕層級等變項和青少年吸菸行為階段的相關性。本研究主要發現包括： （1）男生和女生在行動期及持續期目前有吸菸之比率分別為 11.3%和 3.0%。 （2）三年級在持續期相較於其他年級，吸菸的機會較高 （勝算比為 2.44）。 （3）外控特質愈強，在行動期和持續期研究樣本吸菸的機會愈高 （勝算比分別為 1.11 和 1.11）；菸害認知愈高，在行動期和持續期研究樣本吸菸的機會愈低（勝算比分別為 0.72 和 0.69）。 （4）父親教育程度愈低，研究樣本在行動期和持續期吸菸的機會愈高 （勝算比分別為 1.86 和 2.38）。 （5）班上同學吸菸人數愈多，研究樣本在行動期和持續期吸菸的機會愈高 （勝算比分別為 1.09 和 1.10）。最後建議影響青少年吸菸行為階段的因素，除菸害認知、外控特質外，父親教育程度及同儕團體都是重要的因素。本研究可應用各種理論為依據來發展創新之策略，提供有關單位在未來研擬菸害防制教育的參考。

The purpose of this study was to explor the effects of different dimensions on the stage of smoking behavior of senior high school students in Hsinchu area. A self-designed structured questionnaire was used to survey 12 senior high school and vocational schools comprising total 6152 students。 Logistic regression analysis was applied to explore the relationships among smoking behavior stage, personal, family, and peer factors. The major findings of this study includes: (1)Current smoking rate in action and maintenance stages for male and female students were 11.3% and 3.0%, respectively. (2)The12th grade had more probability to smoke than the other grades in maintenance stage (odds ratio 2.44). (3)The stronger locus of control, the higher the subject’s probability to smoke in action stage and maintenance stage (odds ratio 1.11, 1.11, respectively). The higher recognition of the smoking-related knowledge, the less probability the subject’s to smoke in action stage and maintenance stages (odds ratio 0.72, 0.69, respectively). (4)The lower the father’s education level, the higher the subject’s probability to smoke in action stage and in maintenance stages (odds ratio 1.86, 2.38, respectively). (5)The higher the number of classmates in smoking, the higher the subject’s probability to smoke in action stage and in maintenance stages (odds ratio 1.09, 1.10, respectively) Besides the recognition of the smoking-related knowledge of the locus of control, father’s educational level and peer group were the two most important factors related to high school students smoking. The findings and conclusions of this study can provide policy makers to develop strategies for teenager smoking prevention.