社會福利服務機構安置特殊需求兒童之營養問題與營養服務現況探討

Nutrition issues and nutrition services for disabled children in social welfare agencies

本研究探討身心障礙福利機構（以下稱機構）安置的特殊需求兒童（以下稱特殊兒童）的營養問題，機構及教學醫院提供營養的服務現況。採用焦點團體分析專業人士的意見。結果指出：（1）特殊兒童主要營養問題為體重過重或過輕及代謝問題。（2）機構的營養服務包括飲食評估、兒童及家長飲食指導及體位測量。（3）機構可與醫院合作或運用志工改善營養專業人力的缺乏。（4）醫院的營養服務是為體重過重或過輕、代謝異常或吞嚥異常的病童。（5）許多醫院的特殊兒童治療團隊未包括營養師，忽略營養服務。（6）營養師及治療師學會應分享及整合資源，共同協助特殊兒童。（7）政府應積極開發相關營養服務之資源。

The purpose of this study is to investigate the nutrition problems of the children in social welfare agencies and the current nutrition services provided by the disabled institutions and hospitals. Focus group interviews with professionals were conducted. The results indicated: (1) The main problems consist of overweight, underweight and metabolic disorders. (2) Services provided by institutions include dietary assessment, nutrition instruction and body weight assessment. (3) The problems of understaffed nutrition professionals in institutions can be solved by cooperating with related hospitals. (4) Services providing hospitals include planning special meals for children with inappropriate body weight, metabolic disorders, and swallow difficulty. (5) The medical team for for special need children currently does not equip with dietitians, often neglect the importance of nutrition services. (6) The nutrition field and the rehabilitation should work together to improve knowledge of nutrition and share resources. (7) Government should conduct related research on information about nutrition services for specia-needs children.