飲食行為與罹患攝護腺癌之相關性探討——以某醫學中心攝護腺癌患者為例之配對病例對照研究

Dietary behavior risk and prostate cancera matched case-control study at an academic teaching hospital

本研究旨在探討攝護腺癌患者的飲食行為與其罹患攝護腺癌的相關性。利用配對病例對照研究法，以台灣地區40歲以上成年男子為研究對象，自95年5月1日至96年4月30日共12個月期間進行樣本收集。經泌尿外科主治醫師確定臨床診斷，且有攝護腺特異抗原及肛門指診檢查證實為攝護腺癌的病患共110名。另外在病例發現之同時於該醫學中心中排除有心臟血管疾病、新陳代謝疾病、腎臟病、泌尿系統疾病及血液腫瘤等疾病史之非攝護腺癌病患共126名為對照組。以上兩組研究對象均採面談方式，依結構式問卷進行回溯調查，收集研究對象之社會人口學及飲食行為相關資料。資料經配對邏輯複迴歸分析後發現：每日攝取之蔬菜與水果種類分別過少、高油脂飲食習慣、動物性油脂烹調與高頻率攝取肥肉、甜點、中藥補品等因素和攝護腺癌的發生均有統計上的顯著相關（個別P值都＜.05）。因此高油脂的飲食行為確實會增加攝護腺癌的罹患風險，建議採用低脂高纖的飲食方式，可有效預防攝護腺癌的發生。

A matched case-control study was conducted to investigate the dietary behavioral risk factors of prostate cancer in Taiwanese men (>40 yr) from May 1st 2006 to April 30th 2007. The Study included 110 cases and their age - matched healthy 126 controls. Both of them were enrolled from the same hospital. Cases had diagnosed prostate cancer based on prostate specific antigen test (PSA) and digital rectal examination (DRE). Controls with cardiovascular disease or metabolic disease or renal disease or urinary system disease or cancer were excluded. Demographical data and dietary behavioral risk factor related information were collected using a structured questionnaire. Subjects were interviewed in person to collect information regarding social demography variables, dietary behavioral factors. The results of a multiple logistic regression analysis showed too less types of vegetables or fruits, high dietary fat, high saturated fat, high fat meat, high sweets, and high traditional Chinese tonic were statistically related to prostate cancer (P<.05,respectively). Our study showed that a high fat diet might associated with risk of having prostate cancer. It suggests that a low fat but high fiber dietary behavior may have a protective effect to prostate cancer.