台北市國中學生垃圾減量行為意圖及相關因素之研究——以某國民中學為例

Relationship between waste reduction intention and related factors for the junior high school students－ an example of one junior high school in Taipei City

本研究之主要目的在於探討國中學生垃圾減量行為意圖及各變項之相關，運用 Ajzen 和 Fishbein（ 1980）的理性行動論（ the Theory of Reasoned Action）及Bandura（ 1982）的自我效能理論（ Self-efficacy）來驗證國中學生垃圾減量行為意圖與相關變項之關係。以台北市立實踐國民中學九十五學年度第二學期在學的全體學生為母群體，以集束抽樣抽得 12 個班級，計有效樣本 395 人。研究工具為研究者依開放式引導問卷填答結果，篩選出顯著信念，再自編而成的結構式問卷。結果顯示： 1.國中學生對於從事垃圾減量的態度、主觀規範、自我效能能顯著預測從事垃圾減量的意圖，解釋量為 30.4%。 2.外在變項中，環境知識、性別、家庭配合、學校配合、社區配合與垃圾減量行為意圖均呈顯著相關。 3.態度與行為信念和結果評價的交乘積和為顯著正相關；主觀規範與規範信念和依從動機的交乘積和為顯著正相關。 4.有/無垃圾減量行為意圖在環境知識、行為信念、結果評價、規範信念、依從動機都達到整體性的顯著差異。 5.研究結果支持理性行動理論整合社會學習理論之自我效能應用於預測從事垃圾減量之行為意圖，且加入自我效能變項後，可以提高解釋力。

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between wastereduction intention and related factors for the junior high school students through boththe Theory of Reasoned Action of Ajzen and Fishbein (1980) and the Self-efficacy ofBandura (1982) . The study used clustered random sampling to select 12 classes, a total of 395valid samples, from Shijian junior high school of Taipei city in 2007. The researchinstrument was the questionnaire. The important results of this study were as follows: 1. The student’s attitude, subjective norm and the self-efficacy remarkably predictedthe intention of waste reduction, and the explanation power was 30.4% toward theintention of waste reduction. 2. The gender, family’s support, school’s support, community’s support andenvironment knowledge of the external variables showed remarkable relationshipswith the intention of waste reduction. 3. There were significantly positive correlations between attitude and the product ofbeliefs of outcomes weighted by evaluations of outcomes, between subjective normsand the product of normative beliefs weighted by motivations to comply. 4. There were significant differences in behavioral beliefs, evaluations of outcomes,normative beliefs, motivations to comply, self-efficacy and environment knowledgebetween waste reduction intenders and non-intenders. 5. The results of this study supported the framework, an integration of Theory ofReasoned Action and self-efficacy. In addition, the self-efficacy could increase theexplanation of the intention of waste reduction.