神經自體免疫抗體與精神疾患

Neuronal Auto-antibodies and Psychiatric Disorders

神經自體免疫抗體若進入腦部組織時很可能造成中樞神經系統的損傷，因而形成多種神 經及精神方面的疾病。目前有越來越多的神經自體免疫抗體被發現與瞭解，並可依據其相對 應的抗原在細胞上的分布位置來分類。目前有多種腦炎病變患者身上被發現具有辨識神經細 胞表面抗原特性的抗體，而且呈現與精神分裂症患者相似的精神症狀。正確的鑑別診斷能指 引正確的治療方向。在這篇文章中，我們回顧性地探討多種神經元自體抗體與其相對應的抗 原，同時我們也討論一些針對神經傳遞介質受體之抗體與精神分裂症病因之關聯性的相關研 究結果

Neuronal auto-antibodies, if they gain access to the brain tissue, can potentially damage the central nervous system resulting in various neuropsychiatric disorders. Neuronal auto-antibodies are becoming increasingly recognized, and can be categorized on the basis of cellular localizations of the antigens they target. Antibodies that target neuronal cell-surface antigens have been identified in several forms of encephalitis, and some associated psychiatric manifestations often resemble those observed in patients with schizophrenia. In this article, we review various neuronal auto-antibodies and their target antigens, and also discuss the findings that highlight a possible etiological role of neurotransmitter-receptor antibodies in schizophrenia.