國中學業競爭現象之研究：以新北市兩所國中為例

The Study on Academic Competition in Junior High Schools: Two cases from New Taipei City

本研究旨在瞭解國民中學師生在學校生活中所呈現的學業競爭樣貌及其脈絡，並從 達爾文主義與後殖民論述雙焦點，解析所蒐集的資料。本研究以新北市兩所國中八年級 計五個班級，進行為期兩個學期共600 堂課的教室觀察，並對十二位老師、五十八位學 生進行訪談。此外，有關文件的分析，也是本研究的方法之一。 本研究的結論大致如下：競爭是學校教育實踐情境中普遍的現象，競爭的概念是藉 由代代的文化複製或甚至殖民過程，由成人（老師、家長）傳遞給學生。其傳遞的方式 雖然會隨著教育環境的變遷，而與時並進、更新或演化，但對老師或學生來說，對學校 教育情境中的種種競爭現象，即使偶而會加以反思、或批判，卻終究難敵大環境的國家競 爭力與教育競爭的需求。

This research aims at exploring the academic competition in junior high schools. Five classes from two junior high schools in New Taipei City were chosen as the research fields where participant observation， semi-structural interview， and document analysis are employed to collect research data. In the fields， classroom observation lasting for two semesters was conducted in the sum of 600 hours， interview was held with 12 teachers and 58 students， while relevant information and documents were collected as well. As regards data analysis， the concep仙al tool box was constructed by referring to the perspective of Darwinism together with Postcolonialism . Competition was a very common phenomenon at school and it’s passed from generation to generation through cultural reproduction and colonization. Teachers and parents usually held the power behind it. Though how the idea of competition was passed on varies with different environments and might improve or evolve with time and space， teachers could never defeat the needs for competition 企om the grand environments.