以系統理論之觀點探討學校衝突   全文下載

School Conflict in the Viewpoint of System Theory

隨著時代的變遷，衝突的因素隱藏在組織之間、人際之間，學校內所發生的衝突具有多樣性與多變性, 因而要對衝突有深入的瞭解，方能有效因應。興起於1940年代的系統理論，乃近代對組織理論發展具有重大影響的學問，以系統的觀點和途徑，描述、解釋、預測並控制複雜的組織現象與行為，其對於學校的運作亦有莫大之啟發。因此，本文從系統理論中相關學校組織運作的部分加以闡述，並對學校衝突的概念、發生原因與過程加以分析。就系統觀點來看，可發現學校系統內的學生、教學、行政等三個次級系統，以及與學校關係最緊密的地方系統之間，因為交互作用而產生衝突。最後，以此提出面對學校衝突的兩點建議：一、系統觀的衝突應對；二、建立群策群力的系統網絡。

With the changing of times, the conflict hides in organizations, people, and school conflict has a diversity and variability; thus, we should have a better understanding of conflict to deal with it effectively. The system theory, having a major impact on the development of organizational theories, rose in the 1940s. The system theory makes use of the viewpoint and ways of system to describe, explain, predict and control the complex organizational behavior and phenomena, and it also has an important meaning on the school operation. Therefore, this study elaborated these system theories about the school organization, and analyzed the concept, cause and process of school conflict. To the viewpoint of system, the result of the study shows that school conflict comes from the interaction of student subsystem, teaching subsystem, administrative subsystem within school system, and local system most closely with school. Finally, this study offers the suggestions to the confrontation of school conflict: (a) the management to school conflict in the viewpoint of system; (b) the construction of the cooperative system network.