晶體──影像：活化隱喻還是去隱喻？

Crystal-Image: Activate the Metaphor or Release from the Metaphor

晶體──影像（image-cristal）在時間──影像（image-temps）中具有其特殊的位置，一是就其在時間──影像的特殊位置而言，晶體──影像作為時間──影像生產的能動模式；二是其影像型態作為一種思維模式的特殊性，意即連結映射與鄰接的思維表現。換句話說，我們可以將晶體影像視為德勒茲（Gilles Deleuze）將其思維跨入電影或影像範疇的核心環節，這個環節同樣具有兩個意涵，一是該影像作為「可見──不可見」的模式，是一種指向多樣性（multiplicité）的自發生產，既使得影像的全體具有結構，而同時又是一種生成性的結構；二是它作為德勒茲討論潛在／實在（virtuel/actuel）的重要線索。所以，晶體──影像已經不屬於圖像（figure）的範疇，而同時是圖像化（figural）的動力與令圖像具有思辯動力的元素，這篇論文就基於這個關懷上，並將這個在電影中發展出來的概念，置放在德勒茲的思維表現中進行對其思維的深入探討。

The Crystal-Image holds a key position in the Time-Image conceived by Gilles Deleuze. For one thing, Deleuze’s Crystal-Image is the productive dynamic mode of the Time-Image; for another, it works like a characteristic mode of thinking, i.e., thinking that links projection and neighboring. The Crystal-Image might also be regarded as the key node, through which Deleuze reflects on cinema, including the images. This Crystal-Image node thus has two senses, 1) as the mode of “visible-in(-)visible”, an autonomous production towards multiplicity, constituting the structure of the “all” of image, but in a genetic way; 2) as speculation about the “actual/virtual” in Deleuze’s thought. Therefore, the Crystal-Image in Deleuze transcends the category of figure while reflecting the dynamism of the figural, i.e., the element that endows the figure with the power of speculation. I situate this concept in Deleuze’s thought in order to probe more deeply into his manner of thinking. “Crystal” works like metaphor of his Image-Thinking, e.g., as “expression” with some necessary relations. This problematic reenacts philosophic questions of ‘60s, e.g., the problem of language and the problem of expression. Hence, it contains the dual aspects of the historic and the speculative. This essay compares Ricoeur’s notion of metaphor with Deleuze’s “Crystal-Image”. The former sought to clear up the openness and the uncertainty in the cognitive power of metaphor while the latter indicated the difference between metaphor and expression. This comparison between metaphor and expression leads to deeper reflection on the problem of expression of philosophic language, and through this reflection, we can better grasp the difference of thinking in Deleuze’s neologian text.