嬰兒氣質調查：一至三個月的追蹤報告

The Exploration of Infant Temperament from One to Three-Month-Olds

本研究以153名健康新生兒為對象，透過修訂的「早期嬰兒氣質量表」，在受試嬰兒滿一個月、二個月、與三個月時進行氣質問卷調查，完成嬰兒一至三個月氣質發展的追蹤報告。結果發現我國嬰兒規律性與反應強度的行為表現中等，且規律性發展有由不規律往規律的路徑變化趨勢。活動量的行為表現程度偏高，而反應閾的閾限則偏低。趨避性與適應性的發展似有互補的現象出現，當個體退縮反應顯出，適應能力也會同時增加以因應新情境。情緒本質的發展由稍偏負向往正向情緒方向發展。在二至三個月，堅持性與分神度的行為表現程度均偏高。本研究嬰兒氣質發展與美國常模比較差異顯著，表示美國早期嬰兒氣質量表常模不適用於本土嬰兒。我國嬰兒的分神度較高，容易被安撫。一至三個月嬰兒個體的氣質發展具有穩定性，但氣質發展群體的連續性僅出現於活動量、規律性與反應強度三個向度。

This study was to explore infant temperament at age of one-month, two-month, and three month, then, to analyze the difference between the results and the norm of EIQT in the U.S. Also, the stability and the consistency of infant temperament were examined. There were 153 neonates participated in this study. Their parents longitudinally rated their infant temperament. The results of this study were as follows: The infants in Taiwan showed high activity and low threshold. The development of regularity, quality of mood, persistence, and distractibility is from low to high. There was the compensative relation between adaptability and approach. There were cultural differences in temperament between infants of Taiwan and United States of America. The stability of temperament from one-month-olds to three-month-olds was found. The continuity of infant temperament was just found in activity level, regularity and intensity of reaction.