公司法交易安全的實踐：表見代表董事制度

The Practice of Transaction Security in Corporation Law: The System of Apparent Representative Directors

現代經濟活動首重交易安全，而交易安全在於交易行為有效的法律效果。「表見代表制度」是對一方越權引發交易無效的補救，此制度係是指法人或法定代表人或負責人，在民事法律行為越權時，善意第三人基客觀事實合理信賴其代表權限與代表行為有效的制度。應用在日本或韓國之公司法則為「表見代表董事制度」，乃是法律擬制公司授予越權董事代表權，使代表行為與行為的法律效果一致，讓交易行為有效，以保護善意第三人的利益與交易安全。本文說明表見代表在公司法的法理根據、表見代表董事制、現行日本、韓國、中國大陸立法例。最後，我國公司法或可參考表見代表董事制度以修法規定，更加強保護商法的交易安全。

Modern economic activities are superiorly focused on secured transactions which are dependent on legal validity. The system of manifested representative is provided for remedying occasional legal nullity when one trading party with a mistaken authorized representative name, engages himself in trading behaviors in ultra vires. So according to the regulation of civil law, no matter what, the bona fide third party gives the reasonable trust to the legal person, legal representative or accountable person, each other's trading behaviors are presumed to be effective in legal. Moreover, the corporation laws of Japan and South Korea offer the system of apparent representative directors so that the incorporation is legally in charge of apparent representative behaviors for protecting the benefits of bona fide third parties in secured transactions. This article studies the theories of apparent representative, the system of apparent representative directors, and the practices of this system in Japan and South Korea, (perhaps in China). Last, author urges that the system might be applied to the Taiwan's Corporation Law, and primarily drafts regulations to be references for amendment.