國小五年級學童的兩性教育介入方案之評價研究

The evaluation of a school-based sexuality education program among fifth grade children

本研究目的在比較兩性教育介入措施，對於學童之性知識、性態度及性行為意向的改變成效。研究採立意取樣法，對象為南部某國小五年級的學生。資料收集時間自民國九十年四月十二日至五月三日共四週，每週選一堂課四十分鐘，進行前測、兩個單元教學活動及後測，共有32份的有效問卷。研究工具為研究者自行發展的課程活動設計及自填式結構問卷，本問卷採專家效度及重測信度值。研究結果如下：(1)學童經由兩性教育課程後，在性知識、性態度及性行為意向方面皆趨向正向的改變。(2)男生在性態度的改變平均數(2.67±3.36)遠比女生的改變平均數(0.07±3.38)高，且達到顯著水準的差異，其他社會人口變項次組間之各變項改變量皆未達顯著性差異。(3)介入活動後，仍有「性知識」的自慰不健康答對率39.4％、「性態度」的手淫允許性2.12分等分數偏低，須長時間或以其他小團體介入方式來改善此方面的性教育。本研究建議國小五年級學齡兒童應開始實施一系列且整體的兩性教育課程，性教育課程對於男生的性態度有較正向改變，且課程實施非只是健康教育課程中的一個單元，尤其正確性態度的教育介入需長期培養，另外可使用焦點團體法為學習策略，以提供青少年前期連續性、考慮性別差異因素及完整性的兩性教育，才能真正促進青少年前期的兩性健康。未來研究應有更大樣本數及對照組設計，以獲得更具推論性的兩性教育方案之評價結果。

The effect of a school-based sexuality education program on the knowledge, attitudes, and behavioral intentions of pre-teen students was evaluated in a rural county in Tainan. Thirty-four 5th graders participated in the program. A 52-item survey was completed by the students before and after the program. Thirty-two effective questionnaires were obtained and analyzed. Results show that: (1) After education program, the students demonstrate positive changes in sexuality knowledge, attitudes, and behavioral intentions; (2) There is a significant difference of attitudinal change between boys and girls. The boys' change (2.67±3.36) is much larger than the girls' (0.07±3.38) ; (3) There are no significant changes in the knowledge and attitude toward masturbation. Gender differences in baseline sexual attitudes and changes of attitudes suggest a possible need for separate, gender-specific intervention activities such as focus groups as part of a more comprehensive program. The long-term efforts should be made to promote sexual health and prevention among pre-teenagers. Studies with larger samples and a control group are needed to determine definitive intervention effects on sexual education in the fifth graders.