紅塵中有閒日月：1920年代黃旺成的社會觀察、政治參與及思想資源

Social Observation, Political Participation and Intellectual Resources of Huang Wang-cheng in 1920s

本文透過《黃旺成先生日記》剖析1920年代黃旺成的時代觀察、行動抉擇及思想脈絡，並分析身為臺灣本地知識分子，他是如何涉入由東京留學生所發起的政治社會運動的浪潮中。雖然每個人的生活情境、知識背景與思想觀念均不盡相同，然而若從個人因素、人生際遇及社會條件等情境加以檢視，應當更能理解人們在面臨重大歷史事件時，會如何應對與抉擇。個人因素方面，日、臺人間的不平等待遇不僅是黃旺成辭去公學校教職的主因，同時也激發出他力爭平等的信念。因而1920年代初期在蔡蓮舫家擔任西席與資產管理人期間，黃旺成不僅關注與支持臺灣議會設置請願運動，也透過蔡家人際網絡結識 以林獻堂為首的政治社會運動要角。1925年回到新竹後，可提供固定薪資的臺灣文化協會講演團和《臺灣民報》記者工作，是最能達成理想又兼顧家庭生計的志業。在人生際遇上，黃旺成在蔡家任職時也結識了一位來自南京的青年錢澤身，因而養成了他說中國官話、理解中國時勢，以及對白話新文學的興趣，成為他日後投身政 治社會運動、撰寫報導及評介東亞時局的珍貴資產。在社會條件方面，首先，1920年代以白話漢文為主的《臺灣民報》茁壯為臺灣人發聲與策動輿論的管道，而黃旺成書寫時所使用混雜著臺灣話、日語及漢文的白話文體，成為他加入臺灣民報社的契機與條件之一。其次，1920年代圖書館也被大量 設置為象徵近代文明的「讀書裝置」，新竹州立新竹圖書館成為黃旺成獲取新知的重 要管道之一，並將其閱讀所得透過書寫報導的方式，傳遞至讀者心目中。

With reference to The Diary of Ng Ong-Seng, this paper analyzes the observations, choices, actions and thoughts of Huang Wang-cheng in the 1920s and discusses how and why Huang, as a local Taiwan intellectual, engaged in political and social movements initiated by overseas students from Tokyo. While everyone has different living environment, background knowledge and thinking, through analyzing one’s personal factors, life experiences and social contexts would shed light on how one would deal with and make choices in face of significant historical events. In terms of personal factors, unfair treatments suffered by Taiwanese under Japanese colonial rule were not only the main reason why Huang resigned from the public elementary school, but also inspired his strive for equality. Therefore, when Huang worked for Tsai Lien-fang’s family in Taichung as a tutor and asset manager in the early 1920s, he paid close attention to and supported the Taiwan Parliament Petition League Movement. Moreover, through the social network of the Tsai family, he became acquainted with the core members of the Movement such as Lin Hsien-t’ang. Huang returned to his hometown Hsinchu in 1925, thereafter served as a speaker of Taiwan Cultural Association and a journalist of The Taiwan Minpao. In this way, he could provide steady income for his family while pursuing his own ideals. As for life experiences, Huang, when working in Tsai family, also made friends with Qian Ze-shen, a youth from Nanjing. His acquaintance with Qian fostered in him a habit to speak Mandarin and interest in vernacular literature. Qian also provided him knowledge of the situation in China. These life experiences later became invaluable assets for Huang when he got involved in political and social movements, wrote articles and commentaries on the then political situation in East Asia. Regarding social contexts of the 1920s, first of all, The Taiwan Minpao containing articles primarily written in vernacular literary style grew into an important journal that represented the aspirations of Taiwanese and instigated public opinion. Huang’s creole writing style, which was a mix of vernacular Taiwanese, Japanese and Mandarin endowed him with an opportunity and a unique qualification for being employed by The Taiwan Minpao. Secondly, the 1920s saw a large number of libraries set up as 'reading facilities', a symbol of modern civilization. Against such background, Hsinchu Library of Hsinchu State became an important channel through which Huang gained access to new information and knowledge. What he learnt from reading was then passed onto the readers of The Taiwan-Minpo through the articles he wrote.