科學民主化下科技議題的風險治理：探討國光石化廠開發案的科技官僚風險溝通、公眾風險感知與公眾動員

Risk Governance of Techno-science Issues in Democratization of Science: Discussing Technocratic Risk Communication, Public Perception on Risk and Public Mobilization in the Case of Kuokuang Petrochemical Development Projects

科技發展如同雙面刃，一方面是經濟發展的主要動力，另一方面也為環境生態帶來許多風險。科技議題不只涉及不同行動者之間的風險溝通，還考驗著國家在風險治理的能耐。從科學民主化的三波浪潮來看，「公眾參與科學」漸成趨勢。公眾參與可以擴大科技議題的公眾動員效果。近年來國內最受爭議的科技議題以國光石化開發案最受矚目，本研究以此個案為例，探討不同行動者如何就科技議題生產論述進行風險溝通。研究發現，科技官僚對在地公眾進行風險溝通時，刻意淡化個人切身相關的風險。在地公眾並非對風險無知，只是被迫自行發展與風險共存的心理調適。研究也發現，異議行動者利用媒體與多層次的發聲行動，由外向內、全國到地方、專家到公眾，進行公眾動員，不只重新建構公眾的風險感知，還不斷捲入更多的行動者，激盪出「風險的社會強化」的漣漪效應。

Technology development is like a knife with two-sided edges. On the one side, technology drives economic development; one the other side, technology brings about a lot of risks at the expense of ecology. In the process of decision-making on techno-science issues, risk communication can endure capability of risk governance of the states. In three waves of democratization of science, 'public engagement in science' is an emerging tendency. Public engagement will result in effects of public mobilization. In Taiwan, one of controversial techno-science issues in recent years is whether Kuokuang petrochemical projects should develop. This study draws such a case to discuss the ways of different actors dealing with risk communication on techno-science issues. This study argued that technocrat deliberately attenuated risks related to local people. However, local people were forced to adopt themselves coexisting with risks. Moreover, this study argued that dissidents made a good use of media and took multilevel actions for public mobilization. Hence, public perception on risk was reconstructed. Ripple effect on social amplification of risk was shown.