文化治理的內蘊衝突與政治折衝

The Endogenous Conflicts and Political Negotiation in Cultural Governance

晚近文化成為都市與區域發展的重要策略，但文化策略有難以避免的內蘊衝突。本文以文化治理體制概念來掌握文化發展的結構動態，並勾勒衝突的機制和趨勢，包括：（1）文化定義的歧義有利接軌於政治、經濟和社會而形成治理場域，卻蘊含不確定性和張力；（2）文化與政治接軌促生了文化領導權，卻激發秩序和逾越的衝突；（3）文化與經濟接軌發揮了文化調節作用，卻引起普同和特殊的爭端；（4）文化與社會接軌建立的區異階序，卻產生凝聚和分類的緊張；（5）前述衝突導向了文明化和奇魅化、除魅與返魅辯證互生的結構性趨勢。為了闡明以上觀念，本文以國立臺灣師範大學附近街區的住商混合使用爭議為例，說明其中蘊含的文化治理衝突。最後，本文檢視文化治理之內蘊衝突的解決途徑，指出各種解決之道牽涉了不同政治觀點和價值立場，而沒有單純的唯一解答。

Cultural strategies are critical for urban and regional development, yet these strategies contain endogenous conflicts which are often overlooked. This author uses the idea of culture governance regime to conceptualize the structural dynamics of cultural development, and outlined these endogenous conflicts: (1) Although the diversity in the definition of culture is good for grafting to the political, economic and social fields of governance, it implies uncertainty and tension. (2) The grafting of culture and politics facilitates hegemony, yet it also induces conflict between order and transgression. (3) The grafting of culture and economy functions as cultural regulation, while it causes a dispute between universalism and particularism. (4) The grafting of culture and the social establishes a hierarchy of distinction, but also induced tension between solidarity and classification. (5) These conflicts imply a contradictory but coexisting structural tendency of civilization and enchantment. Finally, the author discusses the potential solution for these conflicts and finds that there is no simple way to settle them but multiple approaches with different political values.