環境犯罪單位資格刑立法探析

Analysis on Legislation of Unit Qualification Penalty in Environmental Crime

隨著環境狀況的日益惡化，對環境犯罪的打擊和預防顯得越來越重要。企業作為環境犯罪的主要實施者，《刑法》規定的唯一可以對其適用的罰金刑不足以對其造成威脅。行政資格處罰適用於企業環境犯罪並不恰當，單位資格刑的設置不僅可以完善環境刑罰體系的不足，而且對於懲治企業環境犯罪有著重要意義。構建我國環境犯罪單位資格刑制度，可以借鑒我國單位行政資格處罰制度和國外單位資格刑制度。立法過程中，可以從限制從事業務活動、停業整頓、強制解散、公布犯罪事實與裁判決定幾個方面構建我國環境犯罪單位資格刑制度。

With the increasing deterioration of the environment, combating and preventing environmental crime is appeared more and more important. The main implementation as the environment criminal enterprise, the fine punishment that 'criminal law' provisions can only applicable to enterprise crime is not enough to pose a threat to it. It’s not appropriate that administrative qualiifcation penalty applies to enterprise environmental crime, the inadequacy of the unit qualification penalty settings can not only improve the environment of the penalty system, but also has important significance for punishing corporate environmental crime. Constructing China's environmental crime unit qualification punishment system, we can draw lessons from unit administrative qualification penalty system of our country and abroad unit qualiifcation punishment system. In the process of legislation, it can be constructed from restriction to engage in business activities, business for rectiifcation, dissolution, announced criminal facts and the judge decided.