美國聯邦巡回上訴法院特色機制及對我國的借鑒

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit：The Mechanism and Reference to China

設立知識產權專門法院以審理知識產權案件的做法是當今國際主流，然而我國自擁有知識產權制度以來，便始終處於面向“三審合一”模式的緩慢衍進之中。我國知識產權專門法院體系隨著《關於在北京、上海、廣州設立知識產權法院的決定》的施行雖有漸成之勢，但是仍未能触及設立全國性知識產權法院的問題。鑒於中美兩國知識產權環境的相似性以及密切的貿易關係，我國在知識產權法院的創設問題上可以借鑒“美國模式”的經驗。了解圍繞聯邦巡回上訴法院而建立的美國訴訟體系，對解決我國所面臨的“司法與行政雙軌制”“循環訴訟”以及知識產權法官選任等問題具有相當價值。

The establishment of IP courts speciifcally for IP trials is nowadays the mainstream practice, yet China, since having its own IP regime, is in between the laggard progress towards the ‘tri-trial’ mode. The Chinese IP court system, following the implementation of Decision on the Establishment of Intellectual Property Courts in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, is expecting a gradual formation, whereas the question of establishing a nationwide IP court remains unvisited. The similarity of the IP environment as well as the close trade afifliations between China and the U.S. dictate that the U.S. system shall be an important reference to the creation of Chinese IP courts. Also, dealing with judicature-oriented problems such as ‘judicature-administration dual-track’ ‘circulating lawsuits’ and IP judge selection in China can receive substantial experiences from understanding the U.S. litigation system established based on the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit.