政府示範項目對技術創新影響機制研究－－以貴陽LNG與北上廣LPG公交車示範項目為例

A Study on the Impact of Government Funded Demonstration Projects on Innovation: Taking LNG Project in Guiyang and LPG Projects in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou as Examples

示範項目是當今世界各主要國家政府貫徹科技政策的重要抓手，也是中國發展進程中常用的策略安排。然而國內外有關示範項目的研究的匱乏，使得當前我國亟待回答兩個問題：一是在相似的背景條件下，為什麼有的示範項目成功了，有的示範項目失敗了？二是政府資助的示範工程如何影響技術創新？通過貴州貴陽與北上廣新能源公共交通示範項目兩個案例的對比，定性化地描述和解析了政府示範工程的客觀條件（技術就緒水平、市場和產業就緒水平、制度就緒水平）對技術創新績效（產生信息、實現應用和促進擴散）的作用機制，並提出政府示範工程影響技術創新的概念模型。

The demonstration projects are not only an important means to implement the science and technology policy employed by governments worldwide, but also commonly used as strategic arrangements in the course of development in China. However, few studies have been conducted in domestic and overseas demonstration projects, leaving two questions need to be answered: (1)Under the similar contextual situations, why some of the demonstration projects have successes, why some have failed? (2)How the government-funded demonstration projects affected technology innovation? This study has used demonstration projects in Guizhou province and Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou as ones as case study analysis units, employing exploratory case study research, qualitatively described and analyzed the impact of the objective conditions of government’s demonstration projects (e.g. technology-readiness level, market and industry-readiness level, and institution-readiness level) on technology innovation performance (e.g. information generation, application realization, and promoting proliferation) and its functioning mechanism. By doing so, this study has provided the theoretical framework on how government’s demonstration projects affect technology innovations.