核損害賠償的基本原則

The Basic Principles of Nuclear Damage Compensation

核能的和平發展和利用，是20世紀人類最重大的科技成就之一。核電站於上世紀50年代左右開始起步，到本世紀已經達到了商業化發展的水平，成為一種具有吸引力的能源。但是，核能的和平利用在給人類社會帶來巨大好處的同時，也伴隨著巨大的風險。隨著前蘇聯切爾諾貝利和日本福島等重大核事故的不斷發生，核安全特別是核損害賠償問題日益引起國際社會的廣泛關注。通過對與核損害賠償有關的國際公約和各國國內法進行系統整理，總結出核損害賠償的基本原則，可為我國制定《核安全法》提供有益的經驗。

Utilizing and developing nuclear energy peacefully is a great scientific achievement for human in 20th Century. For instance, nuclear energy station, which launched in the last 50 years of 20th Century. has reached a common application in business this century and utilizing of nuclear energy benefits human a lot. however, it also brings great risks. With the serious nuclear accidents happened in Chernobyl, the former Soviet Union and Fukushima, Japan, nuclear security, especially nuclear damage compensation continually arouses more attention from international community. In view of this, it is necessary to summarize the basic principles of nuclear damage compensation, which will contribute to the making of the Nuclear security law of China.