科技進步拓展意思自治之適用空間——論代孕中親子關係的認定的規制模式選擇

The Improvement of Science and Technology Expands the Applicability of Private Autonomy: On the Mode Selection of the Regulation that Identifies Parent-child Relationship in Surrogacy

人工輔助生殖技術的進步使得人類獲得了前所未有的操縱生殖過程的自由。這一自由正在我國被大量利用，以幫助眾多家庭克服不孕不育的困境。然而私法規制的缺位導致當事人，尤其是代孕生育子女的權利難以得到保障。在規制代孕中的親子關係時，“事實行為”模式呆板僵化，無法滿足現實需求；“法律行為”模式，立足于科技進步帶來的倫理物可支配性，採取尊重當事人的自由意志的態度，將科技催生的新生事物納入社會家庭倫常的軌道，既具有可行性，又具有必要性。

The improvement of artificial reproductive technology allows human beings to get unprecedented freedom to manipulate the reproductive process. This freedom is frequently utilized to help many families overcome infertility. However, the absence of private regulation leads to the difficulties in guaranteeing the rights of parties of surrogacy contracts, especially the rights of the babies. The regulation mode of “the factual act” and “the legal act” are optional. While the mode of “the factual act” is too ossification to meet the needs of the flexible reality, the mode of “the legal act” is rather optimal, as it is based on the fact that the new technologies allows the ethical things to be deposited, and it take the attitude of respect the will of the parties of surrogacy contracts, which would lead the surrogacy into the track of the traditional moral system of our society.