臺灣地區高級職業學校環境教育現況調查研究（I）－－共同科目環境教育教材內容分析

A Content Analysis on Environment Education for Textbooks of Senior Vocational Schools in Taiwan

綜合本研究之研究結果，茲將研究結論與建議說明如後：一、結論：1.高職三民主義、倫理道德、國文、軍護、地理、自然科學概論及生物等七個共同科目中，以自然科學概論（東大版）及倫理道德（國友版）之環境教育教材含量最多，約有十分之一，而國文（東大版)及地理（東大版）之含量最少，均不及百分之三。2.國文（東大版）、自然科學概論（東大版）、倫理道德（東大版）之環境教育教材，大部分是以環境教育概念為「主要概念」，而軍護（幼獅版）、生物（國友版）、三民主義（正中版）、地理（東大版）（國友版）則以環境教育概念為「次要概念」。3.整體而言，高職共同科目的環境教育教材以「公害污染」、「資源」及「環境倫理」的概念含量較多，「生態平衡」及「人口」的概念次之，而「地球」的概念最少。4.軍護科及國文科的環境教育教材，大多強調人與環境互動之關係及人類應如何來保護環境，而生物、自然科學概論、三民主義、倫理道德及地理等科的環境教育教材，則以陳述與環境問題有關之事實較多。5.共同科目的教材中，有許多只需筆鋒一轉或在內容文字上進一步陳述即可成為環境教材；而部分教材雖然提到些許環境教育概念，但不夠周全或深入。6.共同科目教材中的習題、作業或練習問題均偏重在認知領域，且其內容範圍也大都僅限於課文本文中所陳述之知識。

This study was designed to conduct a content analysis of the required courses of the senior vocational schools. In order to understand the quality and quantity of the contents related to environment education, seven textbooks including 'Chinese', 'three Principles of the People', 'Ethics', 'Military and Nursing', 'Geography', 'Biology', and 'Natural Sciences' were analyzed. Based on literature review, a set of codes were established to categorize the Issues. Main findings are as follows：(1) The highest rate of the issues related to environment education in a textbook was 10% ('Natural Sciences' Tung Ta edition, 'Ethics' - Kuo Yu edition) while the lowest rate of that was less than 3% (Tung Ta editions of 'Chinese' and 'Geography'). (2) The issues of the environment education were edited as the main themes in Tung Ta editions of 'Chinese', 'Natural Sciences', and 'Ethics'. However, these issues were edited as the secondary themes in the textbooks of 'Military and Nursing' - Yu Shih edition, 'Biology' - Kuo Yu edition, 'Three Principles of the People' - Cheng Chung edition, and 'Geography' - Tung Ta edition. (3) As a whole, the subjects of nuisance, resources, and environmental ethics were ranked first； the subjects of ecological 'balance and population problems were ranked second； and the subject of earth was ranked last. (4)The contents related to environment education in 'Military and Nursing' and 'Chinese' were focused on the relationship between human and environment. The facts about environment were emphasized in the textbooks of 'Biology', 'Natural Sciences', 'Three Principles of the people', 'Ethics', and 'Geography'. (5) Many contents of the textbooks could be related to environment education if they were described in more detail. (6) Most of the homeworks, assignments, and exercises of the textbooks were designed to focus on the cognitive domain. These findings could be the useful references for revising the textbooks of the senior vocational schools.