我國大學學校組織人文化之途徑

Humanization of The School Organizations in The Universities of Taiwan

人文主義的教育理想是人類原創性的教育目標，可是在講求功利實用的現代社會中，教育組織的科層化與教育工作的專業化，顯然皆喪失了原本的教育理想，本文主旨在探討大學學校組織的人文化以助於達成上述之理想，乃採文獻分析法，首先比較學校組織科層化與專業化之關係，了解其衝突的性質與整合的可能性，其次分析學校組織包含的層面，而分成內部系統和外部系統，內部系統包括：教學系統、行政系統、教職員系統、學生系統和維護系統；外部系統包括家長系統、社區系統、政治系統、經濟系統、文化系統及校友系統，各對學校組織造成相當大的影響，基於上述結果，提出學校組織人文化之途徑有六：一、教育目標明確化與人文化。二、尊重教育學術專業化，採部門責任制。三、學校行政組織合理化，增進行政人員人文素養。四、擴大學校決策的師生參與。五、師生關係的重新定位。六、開闢學校與外界環境溝通的正常管道。

The purpose of humanistic education was to achieve the original goal of the education for human beings. But in this practical modem society, the bureaucratism of educational organizations and the professionalism of educational business all made decline of the original goal of education. The purpose of the artical was to investigate the ways of humanization of school organizations in the universities of Taiwan. On the base of document analysis, the author first compared the relationship between bureaucratism and professionalism of education, enlightened the conflicts and the possibility of integration. The author also analyzed the dimensions of school organizations: the internal system and external system. The internal system included five subsystems: teaching, administration, personnel, students, and maintaining system. The external system included six sub-systems: the parents, the community, the politics, the economics, the culture, and the alumni association. Both the internal and external system had great influences on school organizations. The above findings leaded to the following recommendations: 1. Promoting the universities to set more concise and humanistic goal of education. 2. Improving the professional quality on educational intellecture. 3. Cultivating the humanistic characteristics of administration. 4. Encouraging teachers and students to participate school affairs, especially in decision-making process. 5. Readjusting the teacher-student relationship. 6. Facilitating the effective communication channel between internal and external system of schools.