線上學習社群建構之策略探究

A Study of Strategies for Developing the Online Learning Community

互動是線上學習社群建立的基礎，透過互動可促進成員對社群的認同。線上學習社群在社會與認知兩個面向可以有效凝聚成員的投入，滿足成員情意與認知方面的需求，因此成為目前的重要研究議題。本文採文獻回顧的方式，首先針對近年來科技對於線上學習社群建構的輔助功能作歸納，發現「訊息共享」、建立「存在感」、保存線上互動訊息，以及提供結合同步與非同步兩種溝通管道是線上學習社群環境系統中最重要的四大功能；其次，本研究整理出適合在線上學習社群中運用的教學策略：破冰、評分規則預先說明、議題討論、專題製作、助教認輔與小組職務輪配。最後，本文依據虛擬化的程度將線上課程區分成完全虛擬、半虛擬與零虛擬三種類型，分別探討教師面對不同類型的線上課程，所應採取的線上學習社群建構思維。The interaction is the foundation of the online learning community. Since the online learning community can draw the members involved in the community in the social and affective dimensions, the issue of online learning is becoming more important in these recent years.After reviewing several computer mediated collaborative systems , this article firstly found that sharring information, developing the presence, storing the online information and providing the communication with synchronous and asynchronous are the most important functions of the online environment.Second,the autor provided several strategies for online instruction: ice-breaking, rules of grading in advance, the discussion board, project studies, online tutors, and the duty rotation. Finally, this study suggested that online courses can be divided into three typs: completely online course, blended course and face to face course. According to the charicteristics of these three types, it is needed for the instructors to take the respcetive strategies.