猛男情結、體型知覺、肌肉上癮與運動依賴之關聯

Exploring the relationship between Adonis complex, body shape perception, muscle dysmorphia and exercise dependence

目的：探討男性重量訓練者猛男情結的發生比例，以及其與體型知覺、肌肉上癮症狀和運動依賴癥候的關係。方法：自臺灣南部某健身中心，以隨機抽樣法選取147位男性為參與者（平均年齡30.90±8.77歲）；讓其填寫肌肉圖象、猛男情結、肌肉上癮及運動依賴等量表後，將所得資料以卡方檢定、變異數分析及迴歸分析處理。結果：發生猛男情結的比例為24.49％。有猛男情結者理想及實際體型知覺有肌肉人數顯著高於無猛男情結者；有猛男情結者理想體型知覺及體型知覺差距得分顯著高於無猛男情結。「有猛男情結併有體型知覺差距者」外觀容忍度、戒斷、耐受性及減少其他活動得分顯著高於「無猛男情結但有體型知覺差距者」或「無猛男情結亦無體型知覺差距者」。體型知覺差距可以正向調節猛男情結與肌肉上癮症狀的關係。結論：涉入重量訓練群體存在追求肌肉發達欲求，並且期望體型擁有肌肉；當以此欲求及渴望從事鍛鍊肌肉時，有發生肌肉上癮症狀及運動依賴癥候的風險。This study investigated the occurrence of proportion of Adonis complex, and explored its relationship with body shape perception, muscle dysmorphia and exercise dependence for male weightlifters. Methods: There were 147 respondents randomly collected from a local fitness center. The average age of the respondents was 37.33 ± 9.08 years old. Participants were asked to fill in the muscular figure ratings, Adonis complex, muscle dysmorphia and exercise dependence scales. Chi-square test, analysis of variance, and regression analysis were employed for data analysis. Results: There were 24.49% of respondents with Adonis complex symptoms. Their ideal and actual body perception were stronger (both number and score) than the respondents without Adonis complex symptom. The respondents with Adonis complex symptoms and body shape discrepancies also showed stronger level in appearance intolerance, withdrawal, tolerance and reduce other activities than the respondents without Adonis complex symptom and body shape discrepancies and the respondents without Adonis complex symptom and without body shape discrepancies. However, the perception of body shape discrepancies can positively moderate the relationship between Adonis complex and muscle dysmorphia. Conclusion: A risk exists to the weightlifters who desire to have muscular body while involving in weight training. They tend to have muscle dysmorphia and exercise dependence.