高爾夫球推桿測試系統之建構

The development of golf putting testing system

目的：本研究目的為利用伺服馬達控制機構調控桿頭速度，建構一套能夠模擬高爾夫球推桿動作的新型測試系統（golf putter testing system，GPTS），並透過實際測試來驗證信效度。方法：測試系統是以LabVIEW儀控介面整合伺服馬達、紅外線測速光柵、連桿等機構，進行推桿動作的模擬。利用三度空間攝影，以兩台高速攝影機（240fps）拍攝一名女性大專甲組高爾夫球選手推桿動作，獲得實際人體推桿的運動學參數，將擷取之參數輸入GPTS進行信效度測試，再透過GPTS模擬特定推桿情境下球體的運動情形。統計分析以變異係數值（coefficient of relative variability，CV）評估球桿重複揮桿之信度，以獨立樣本t檢定，針對人體揮桿與GPTS模擬的球體滾動距離進行效度分析。結果：信度測試中，GPTS於三種速度重複揮桿CV值皆小於1％；在效度測試中，人體實際推桿與GPTS模擬的球體滾動距離具一致性，沒有顯著差異。結論：GPTS具良好的信效度，能夠具體模擬人體推桿動作，未來可透過此系統檢測不同特性推桿並且協助選手進行推桿技術診斷。Purpose: This study utilized a servo-motor controlled platform to adjust the putter speed and to develop a new golf putter testing system (GPTS) that can simulate putting movements. Actual tests were conducted to validate the reliability and validity of the system. Methods: A servo motor, photocells, connection rod, and other structures to simulate putting movements were integrated by a testing system using the LabVIEW instrument control interface. Two high-speed cameras (240 fps) were used to obtain the three-dimensional putting parameters of a female college golfer. The acquired parameters were then inputted into GPTS for reliability and validity testing. The ball movements in specific putting scenarios were simulated by GPTS. The reliability of the repeated putting movements was assessed by statistical analysis through CV (coefficient of relative variability). The validity analysis was employed to compare the human putting distances and the GPTS simulated ball rolling distances with independent sample t-test. Results: In the reliability test, the repeated putting CV values of three putting speeds in GPTS were all below 1%. In the validity test, the human putting movement and the GPTS simulated ball rolling distances were consistent, without significant differences. Conclusions: GPTS has good reliability and validity, and is able to simulate human putting movements. In the future, this system can be used to test the characteristics of different putters, and facilitate the diagnosis of golfers' putting techniques.