全身性振動伸展訓練頻率對足球運動員柔軟度、爆發力及敏捷性之影響

The effects of different frequency whole-body vibration with static stretching training on flexibility, power, and agility of soccer players

目的：本研究探討6週額外的全身振動伸展訓練（whole body vibration training，WBVT）頻率對優秀足球運動員柔軟度、爆發力及敏捷性之影響。方法：本研究以36名高中男子足球員為受試者，訓練前接受坐姿體前彎、垂直跳高與T測驗之前測，測驗後受試者隨機分為高頻振動組（HFV，n＝12）、低頻振動組（LFV，n＝12）與控制組（CON，n＝12）。受試者在例行性足球專項訓練前，HFV組進行高頻WBVT（1.5mm，50Hz）、LFV組進行低頻WBVT（1.5mm，25Hz）、CON組進行相同的伸展運動但不輔以振動。受試者於第3與6週訓練後，接受與前測相同之後測。本研究以單因子共變數分析（ANCOVA）分析訓練頻率對柔軟度、爆發力及敏捷性的影響，顯著水準α訂為.05。結果：經3週WBVT後，HFV柔軟度表現較LFV與CON顯著提昇。此外，經6週訓練後，HFV與LFV組柔軟度與爆發力表現均顯著優於CON（p＜.05），而敏捷性表現在6週訓練後各組間皆未達顯著差異（p＞.05）。結論：本研究認為6週高與低頻率的WBVT，對高中足球員柔軟度與爆發力具顯著提昇效果，但對敏捷性無顯著之訓練效益，而以較高振動頻率（50Hz）進行訓練，則可縮短提昇柔軟度所需的時間。Purpose: This study was to investigate the effects of static stretching with different frequency vibration training on flexibility, power, and agility of senior high school soccer players after 3 and 6 weeks training. Methods: Thirty six trained senior high school male soccer players participated in this study. Subjects were tested sit and reach, vertical jump and T test before training, then, randomly assigned to high frequency vibration (HFV, n=12), low frequency vibration (LFV, n=12) and control (CON, n=12) groups. Before the specialized physical fitness training, HFV performed high frequency vibration training (1.5 mm, 50 Hz), LFV performed low frequency vibration training (1.5 mm, 25 Hz) and CON performed static stretching only. Sit and reach, vertical jump and T test were tested post to 3 and 6 weeks training. Statistical analysis of ANCOVA was applied, statistical significance set at α =.05. Results: This study indicated that only HFV significant increase in sit and reach after 3 weeks training. The performance of HFV and LFV in sit and reach and vertical jump test were significantly higher than CON (p < .05), however, no significant difference was observed in T test between groups after 6 weeks training. Conclusions: The findings suggested that 6 weeks static stretching with vibration training (50 and 25 Hz) could significantly promote the performance of flexibility and power, but no significant improvement was evidenced in agility. Additionally, vibration training with high frequency (50 Hz) could enhance the performance of flexibility within 3 weeks that will enhance training efficiency.