護理人員體適能與代謝症候群之相關

The relationship between physical fitness and metabolic syndrome in nurses

目的：探討護理人員體適能表現與其對代謝症候群的影響。方法：受試者共計481位女性護理工作者，分成21－30歲（98位）、31－40歲（136位）、41－50歲（152位）與51－60歲（95位）等四個年齡層。體適能項目為身體質量指數、三分鐘登階（心肺適能）、一分鐘仰臥起坐（肌肉適能）與坐姿體前彎（柔軟度）；代謝症候群的檢測指標為腰圍、收縮壓／舒張壓、隔夜禁食空腹血糖、三酸甘油酯與總膽固醇；若這五項中有三項以上（含三項）達到國民健康局所公佈的代謝症候群定義，就為代謝症候群患者。結果：體適能方面，隨著年齡增加，身體質量指數、肌肉適能與心肺適能呈現對健康負面發展的趨勢。而在代謝症候群的部分，隨著年齡增加代謝症候群盛行率也隨之上升。經迴歸分析，體適能要素中的身體質量指數與肌肉適能是最主要預測代謝症候群危險因子的兩個變數。結論：對於參與本研究的護理人員，其代謝症候群的危險因子與體適能組成要素有顯著相關，且可以藉部分的體適能要素來預測其代謝症候群之風險；再者，隨著年齡增加，體適能表現與代謝症候群呈現對健康負面影響的發展趨勢。因此，規律身體活動或是運動與代謝症候群的預防策略更需盡早介入。Purpose: This study was to investigate the physical fitness of nurses and its bearing on metabolic syndrome (MS). Methods: There were 481 female nurses, which were separated by four different age groups, 21-30 years, 31-40 years, 41-50 years, and 51-60years, respectively. The physical fitness measurements consisted of body mass index (BMI), cardiorespiratory fitness (3-min step test), muscular fitness (sit-up / one minute) and flexibility (sit-and-reach test). With respect to risk factors in MS, there were waist circumference (WC), blood pressure, overnight fasting blood sugar, triglycerides (TG), and total cholesterol (TC) concentrations. Participants who matched the criteria of MS definition stipulated by Bureau of Health Promotion were persons of MS. Results: The performances of physical fitness demonstrated a negative development trend on health with an elevation of age, especially BMI (increase), muscular fitness (decrease) and cardiorespiratory fitness (decrease). Moreover, the results also show that the number of MS increases with age increase. In predicting risk factors of MS by physical fitness, BMI and muscular fitness were two main variables. Conclusion: To nurses in the current study, the risk factors of MS are significantly related to physical fitness and able to predict by a couple of items of physical fitness. Moreover, regular physical activities or exercise and preventive strategies of MS should be maintained consistently or intervened earlier due to negative developments in physical fitness and MS.