從組群概念比較我國全運會與奧運會男子競技體操選手整套動作內容之差異

Compare element groups between National Games and Olympic Games men's artistic gymnast's performance

目的：透過組群概念（各組群的動作次數及動作分值）比較全運會與奧運會選手實施五個單項整套動作內容的差異。方法：以參與2007年全運會及2008年奧運會男子競技體操第三競賽共128人次選手為研究對象，運用χ2百分比同質性考驗各單項組群的動作次數，透過獨立樣本t檢定（t-test）比較各單項組群的動作分值。本研究顯著水準定為α＝.05。結果：在組群動作次數百分比部份，全運會與奧運會選手僅有在單槓項目上達到顯著差異，經由事後比較得知是第二及三組群動作次數差異過大所致；在組群動作分值方面，全運會與奧運會選手相較之下，在地板、鞍馬、吊環、雙槓、單槓等項目中皆達到顯著差異。結論：國內選手在鞍馬及吊環二個項目中完成的整套動作內容與奧運會選手較為相近，經由分析後瞭解到國內選手在地板、雙槓與單槓等三個項目上的專項能力明顯不足，因此無法根據各個單項的特性要求來完成符合各個單項發展趨勢之整套動作內容。Purpose: The study was to compare 2007 National Games and 2008 Olympic Games in the men's artistic gymnast's 5 event routing exercise in final competition. Methods: The gymnasts who participated in men's gymnastics final competition (128 subjects) in the 2007 National Games and 2008 Olympic Games would be included in this study. The difference between two games on the frequency of each element group and on the score of each element group in the competition was tested through χ2 test of homogeneity of proportions and independent samples t-test respectively. Significant level was set at α = .05. Results: The frequency of element groups between National Games and Olympic Games showed significant difference only in the horizontal bar event with the second and third element groups through post hoc analysis; The value of element groups between two games showed significant differences in the floor, pommel horse, rings, parallel bars, horizontal bar events. Conclusions: In pommel horse and rings, gymnast in both games showed similar content and development from their performances. However, in floor exercise, parallel bar and horizontal bar, National Games gymnasts was significantly less than Olympic Games gymnasts in special ability and may not have enough special ability to perform the characteristics of each individual event and to reach the developmental trend of the various element groups.