高中階段學生運動社團參與意圖模式之研究

The study of high school students' intentions to participate in sports clubs

目的：本研究旨在驗證以計畫行為理論為基礎所建構的「高中階段學生運動社團參與意圖模式」之適配度，並瞭解模式各潛在變項對學生參與運動社團意圖的影響程度。方法：研究係以隨機叢集抽樣，共得金門高中職一、二年級339位學生為研究對象。首先，透過開放式引導問卷蒐集題項，編製成結構式問卷，再利用探索性因素分析建立初步模式，最後，進行模式的驗證與分析。結果：一、以計畫行為理論為基礎所建構的「高中階段學生運動社團參與意圖模式」與樣本資料間的適配度達可接受的水準，惟模式內在品質仍有待改進。二、模式潛在變項對高中階段學生參與運動社團意圖的影響以「行為控制知覺」最大，「態度」次之，「主觀規範」並未對運動社團的參與意圖有顯著影響。結論：「高中階段學生運動社團參與意圖模式」可用於解釋學生對運動社團的參與意圖，並可用「行為控制知覺」中的「便利條件」以及「態度」中的「工具性信念」做為預測意圖的主要因素。Purpose: This study was based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to confirm whether TPB could be a fitting model for explaining intentions of high school students to participate in sports clubs, and understand how the degree of all latent variables of the model influences their intentions. Methods: Three hundred and thirty-nine students in the first and second grade were selected from Kinmen high schools through randomly cluster sampling. First, we collected questions through the open questionnaire to compile a structural questionnaire. And then we utilized exploratory factor analysis to set up a preliminary model. Finally, we carried on the confirmation and analysis of the model. The collected data were analyzed through confirmatory factor analysis and Structural Equation Modeling. Results: 1. The model of intentions of high school students to participate in sports clubs established by TPB had already reached an acceptable level based on the sampled materials, but the inner quality of the model still remained to be improved. 2. Among the model latent variables in influencing the intentions of high school students to participate in sports clubs, the perceived behavioral control served as the most influential factor, and the attitude the second. Conclusion: The model could be a fitting model for explaining intentions of high school students to participate in sports clubs. The convenient condition in perceived behavioral control and the instrumental belief in attitude were the most effective factors to explaining intentions.