羽球新規則的實施對單打競賽時間結構及技術使用率的影響

The effect on time structure of singles and utility rate of techniques in the new badminton rules

目的：探討羽球新舊規則對競賽時間結構及各技術使用率的差異，分析並提供教練在訓練及競賽上應用的參考。方法：以國際羽球總會舉辦之2006年前後新舊規則的單打賽事26場。觀察記錄並進行資料的統計分析，以t檢定比較有關競賽時間的結構，Z檢定比較各技術使用率的差異。結果：新舊規則對單打競賽時間結構的影響：平均每拍時間新規則男子較短、女子較長皆達顯著差異（p＜.05）。平均間歇時間男子新規則較長達顯著差異（p＜.05）。平每局時間女子親規則長達顯著差異（p＜.05）。。新舊規則部份技術的使用率達顯著差異。結論：新規則實施後男單平均每拍時間縮短，顯示快速進攻的技戰術是發展的重要趨勢；女單平均每拍時間增加，顯示仍以守中待攻的技戰術為主。由新規則競賽的運動間歇比男單為1：2.7女單為1：2.3及每局平均時間男單為19’49”、女單為16’55”，可提供安排合理的運動訓練間歇時間、訓練強度及訓練量的依據。各技術的使用率可提供單打訓練及競賽時應用的參考。Purpose: To probe the differences of time structure and utility rate between the new and conventional badminton rules. The analysis also provides coaches with the consultation on the application of training and matches. Methods: To observe, record, and analyze 26 singles that were held in new or conventional rules by the IBF during around 2006. The t-test and z-test were using to analyze the time structure of matches and utility rate of techniques respectively. Results: The effect on time structure of singles between new and conventional rules are: the average stroke time in new rules was significant shorter for men's singles but longer for women's singles (p< .05), men's average rest interval in new rules was significant longer (p< .05), women's average time per game in new rules was significant longer (p< .05). The utility rates of some techniques were significant differences between new and conventional rules. Conclusions: According to men's average stroke time was reduced after applying the new rules, the development of tactical skill in speedy attack still remains the important tendency in men's singles. However, defence remains primary tactic in women's singles because of the increase in women's average stroke time. The work-rest interval structure of 1:2.7 in men's singles and 1:2.3 in women's singles and men's average time per game was 19'49' implied that the appropriate training interval, intensity, and quantity could be arranged. The different utility rate of techniques provides the tendency of key techniques development and the reference of training and match application.