國民中學高關懷學生休閒參與、休閒阻礙與期望參與之相關研究

The Relationship between Leisure Participation, Leisure Constraints, and Anticipated Participation of Highly-Cared Students in Junior High School

本研究之主要目的是：一、瞭解國中高關懷學生休閒參與類型與期望參與類型是否有差異。二、瞭解國中高關懷學生個人的休閒參與、休閒阻礙、期望參與是否會因個人基本變項的不同而有差異。三、瞭解國中高關懷學生個人的休閒參與、休閒阻礙、期望參與是否有相關存在。本研究採用叢集抽樣法抽出台北縣9所國中，共計得有效問卷172份。所得資料以χ2獨立性檢驗、獨立樣本t考驗及皮爾遜積差相關進行統計分析。本研究結果如下：一、高關懷學生之休閒參與類型與期望參與類型有差異存在。二、休閒參與類型中的刺激冒險型、參觀消遣型、知識藝文型、玩樂型等四個參與類型在不同性別中有差異存在；在休閒阻礙關係中，「個人內在阻礙」在不同性別中有差異存在。玩樂型和知識藝文型二個參與類型在不同家庭社經地位中有差異存在。三、「個人內在阻礙」與刺激冒險型、社交型間均有正相關存在；「人際性阻礙」與刺激冒險型、運動型、玩樂型、參觀消遣型、社交型間有正相關存在；「結構性阻礙」與刺激冒險型、運動型、玩樂型、參觀消遣型、社交型間有正相關存在。由結果得知下列結論：高關懷學生在實際參與類型屬於集中情形，但期望參與類型卻轉變成平均分散的情形；性別及家庭社經地位因素為影響休閒參與的變數之一，且性別為「個人內在阻礙」影響變數；休閒阻礙因素為影響休閒參與的變數，且因個人受到阻礙因素的不同，而形成對不同參與類型產生不同程度的期望參與需求。The purposes of this study were: 1.to understand whether there was difference between leisure participation type and anticipated participation type in highly-cared students of junior high schools. 2.to understand whether there were differences of leisure participation, leisure constraints, and anticipated participation between different demographic variables in highly-cared students of junior high schools. 3.to understand whether there were relationships between leisure participation, leisure constraints, and anticipated participation in highly-cared students of junior high schools. There were 9 junior high schools were sampled by cluster sampling and there were 172 valid questionnaires obtained. The collected data were analyzed by c2(independent test), t-test(independent), and Pearson product-moment correlation. The findings of the study were as follows: 1.There was difference between leisure participation type and anticipated participation type in highly-cared students. 2.In the leisure participation type, there were differences of stimulus–risk type, recreation type, knowledge type and fun type between the students with different sex. In the leisure constraint relationship, there was difference of intrapersonal constraints between the students with different sex. There were differences of fun type and knowledge type between the students with different social-economic status. 3.There were positive correlation between intrapersonal constraints, stimulus-risk type, and social type. There were positive correlation between interpersonal constraints, stimulus-risk type, sport type, fun type, recreation type, and social type. There were positive correlation between structural constraints, stimulus-risk type, sport type, fun type, recreation type, and social type. Highly-cared students in leisure participation were concentrated, but anticipated participation type were average division; gender and social-economic status were one of variables which affect leisure participation, sex were a variable of intrapersonal constraints. Leisure constraints factor constraint type each individual encounter produced the different type and degree of anticipated participation.