知覺訓練對足球12碼罰球預期表現的影響

The Effect of Sense Training on the Anticipation of Direction at Penalty Kicks

本研究以24位華夏工專選修足球課、自願參加的學生，而且選修課之前沒有特別足球訓練經驗的學生，隨機將24位分派區分為知覺訓練組、安慰組、控制組各為8名，連續四周，每週三次各十五分鐘的訓練。將訓練前、後收集到的資料以計算其預期的「方向誤差率」並使用二因子混合設計變異數（Mix Two-way ANOVA），來考驗前測均質性和三組前後測是否顯著差異。結果顯示，前測部分：結果發現未達到統計上的顯著水準，表示三組實驗參加者在接受實驗處理之前的足球罰球預期表現能達均質性。後測：結果顯示，預期錯誤率表現上只有知覺訓練組達到顯著差異，安慰組、控制組二組都未達到顯著差異，和Abernethy，Wood&Parks（1999）、Abernethy &Wood（1992）等人的結果一樣。並支持知覺訓練對12碼罰球預期表現是有顯著的影響。The participants in this study were 24 students voluntarily enrolled in the football class at Huahsia College, who had no previous playing experience. They were divided into three groups of eight students each, which were respectively the sense training group, the placebo, and the control group, and underwent training three times a week for four consecutive weeks for fifteen minutes each time. The statistics gathered before and after testing were used to calculate the failure rate of direction anticipation, and the Mixed Two-way ANOVA was used to see if there existed any notable difference between the three groups in uniformity and before and after testing. In this study the value of α was set at .05。The results showed that the pre-test statistics did not achieve a significance effect, meaning that prior to the experiment the three groups were quite uniform in the directional anticipation of penalty kicks. In the posttest, results showed that compared to the pre-test results, only the sense training group achieved a notable difference in anticipation failure rate.