飛行生體適能與人體離心Ｇ耐力相關研究

The relationship between physical fitness and human centrifuge of G-tolerance in pilot students

本研究旨在探討：一、溫蓋特測驗與G耐力的相關性；二、體適能與G耐力的相關性。以33位空軍官校男性飛行生為研究對象（平均年齡為23.7歲、身高173.3公分、體重68.9公斤），並分別接受人體離心機G耐力測驗、上下肢溫蓋特測驗、基本身體組成測量、六項基本體能測驗（仰臥推舉、垂直跳、半蹲跳、伏地挺身、仰臥起坐、12分鐘徒手跑走）後，經Spearman等級相關性考驗、Pearson積差相關性考驗，顯著水準設在α＝.05。研究結果如下：一、當抗G緊張動作評分為13分（含）以上時，才會顯現出下肢溫蓋特無氧能力的最大動力與緊張性G耐力有顯著的正相關；但上肢仍無相關。二、在基本體能測驗項目中，仰臥推舉與緊張性G耐力有顯著的正相關、垂直跳動力與鬆弛性G耐力有顯著的正相關，但半蹲跳則與鬆弛性G耐力有顯著的負相關。另外，飛行生的去脂體重高低也會影響抗G耐力的分數，顯示去脂體重越高者，其抗G水準越好。在本研究範圍獲如下結論：一、下肢最大動力越大者其正確抗G緊張動作分數越高，亦即動作技巧越正確。因此飛行生體適能的訓練，應著重於無氧能力的最大肌力及動力方面的訓練，以減少大G昏迷的情形。二、去脂體重是影響兩種G耐力的重要因素。因此，增加去脂體重是提升抗G耐力最好的訓練目標。The purposes of the study were to (1) to investigate the relationship between the Wingate Anaerobic Power Test (WAPT) and the G-tolerance of human centrifuge (GT); (2) to investigate the relationship between the physical fitness and the GT of Air Force Academic (AFA) students. Thirty-three AFA students volunteered as the study subjects (mean age 23.7 years, height 173.3 cm, body weight 68.9 kg). All of the subjects had to complete the GT, WAPT, and physical fitness testing battery that included bench press, vertical jump, half squat, sit-up, and 12min run test. The Spearman rank order coefficient was used to test the correlation between accuracy of G-tolerance score and WAPT. The Pearson moment product coefficient was used as test the correlation between G-tolerance score and physical fitness or WAPT. The alpha level equaled to .05. The finding of the study as follows: 1.When anti strain G-tolerance score (ASGS) as greater than 13, the maximum anaerobic power of the lower extremity in WAPT had a positive relation with the ASGS. However, no relationship was found in the upper extremity in WAPT and the ASGS. 2.The level of subjects' s bench press had positive relation with the ASGS. Although the level of vertical jump in AFA students had a positive relation with relaxed G-tolerance score (RGS), the half squat ability for AFA students had a negative relation with the RGS. Meanwhile, the higher lean body mass of AFA students had a better score of ASGS. We concluded that the greater the lower extremity of WAPT, the more accuracy of the ASGS. Therefore, the policy for improving the AFA physical fitness should focus on the maximum anaerobic power enhancement. Furthermore, the higher of the lean body mass (LBM) AFA students had the better of G-tolerance score, therefore, improving AFA students LBM is a good way of increase G-tolerance.