國際投資仲裁中條約解釋方面的問題及其完善對策

Treaty Interpretation Issues in International Investment Arbitration and the Countermeasures

國際投資仲裁制度所面臨的合法性危機與仲裁庭在條約解釋方面存在的問題密切相關。問題的解決需要實體和程序兩方面的努力；實體方面，既要考慮條約解釋方法在仲裁實踐中的正確適用，還應當允許和鼓勵締的國通過有權解釋的方式進一步豐富和確定投資條約內容；程序方面，可以要求仲裁庭重視先案件裁裁決以保證一致性，也可以考慮設立上訴機制對裁決在條約解釋方面的錯誤進行事後糾正。而從更長遠的角度看，設立一個投資領域的多邊機制勢在必行。The 'legitimate crisis'faced by the international investment ar-bitration is closely related to the problems of treaty interpretation. To solve these problems, from the substantive perspective, it is necessary for arbitral tribunals to correctly use treaty interpretation rules. The authoritative interpretation issued by the contracting parties should e respected by arbitral tribunals. From the proce-dural perspective, importance should be attached to arbitral awards already made to maintain the consistencies. At the same time , a ppellate mechanism aimed to correct errors in the interpretation of investment treaties should be considered to be established. A fundamental solution needs an effective and comprehensive mul-tilateral investment agreement.