商標權注冊取得制度的改造－－兼論我國「商標法」的第三次修改

The Reform of the System of Obtaining the Trademark Right by Registration:Review the Third Revision of the Trademark Law

商標法上的注冊制度與商標觀念的變遷關系密切，注冊制度的現代化與商標的財產化相伴相隨。現代注冊制度經歷了從私人控制到國家控制的轉變。從制度屬性上看，對注冊本質的把握有確權與授權兩種傳統。就商標的本質而言，確權更具說服力。注冊制度具有權利推定、權利公示以及維護公共道德與秩序的功能。經由注冊制度，國家工商行政管理部門把那些有損道德與秩序的標誌排除在商品市場之外。注冊取得商標權盡管具有取證方便的優勢，但其容易導致搶注及囤積商標，具有破壞誠信經營的負能量。為糾正注冊取得商標權制度的弊端，我國「商標法」應當在規範商標使用的前提下，對商標注冊的效力、先用權及商標共存度等進行完善。The relationship between the registration system of the trademark law and the changing concep-tions of trademark are closely linked to each other. The modernization of the registration system goes hand in hand with property of trademark. The modern registration system has experienced from private control to nation-al control. From the perspective of its system attributes, there are two traditions in grasping the essence of the registration, namely confirmation and authorization. Judging from the intrinsic quality of trademark. the former is more convincing. Registration system has the functions of right presumption, right publication and public morals and order maintenance. Through the registration system, the State Administration for Industry and Com-merce excluded those marks which are against the morality and order out of the markets. Obtaining trademark right through registration has the advantage of convenience, it also leads to a possible registration rush and hoarding and thus damages business integrity. In order to correct the downsides of the system of abtaining trade-mark right ghrough registration, the trademark law of China should perfect the validity of trademark registration, priority right and the trademark coexistence system under the premise of a standardized usage of trademark.