校舍耐震評估、補強執行策略－－臺南市實例

Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit Strategies of School Buildings —Tainan City as an Illustration

校舍耐震評估、補強在與地震搶時間，但是傳統評估結果大多以拆除重建為主，在固定經費限制下，一年能改善的校舍棟數有限。為加快腳步，臺南市自94 年起，先進行全面性初步評估，再依據其結果，對耐震係數較低者進一步詳細評估，並透過學術單位審查，檢驗詳評結果與補強方案。建立審查機制之後發現，傳統評估、補強作法有很大改善空間。比較六年來的差異，在經費方面，92 至95 年以6.16 億元更新14 棟校舍，平均每棟校舍花費4,400 萬元；至實施審查制度之後，96 至97 年以2.56 億元，更新25 棟校舍，平均每棟校舍花費1,024 萬元；在時間方面，前4 年更新14 棟校舍，後2 年更新25 棟校舍，將原本2 年更新7 棟的速度，提升至2 年更新25 棟，使18 棟校舍提前達到安全標準。本文說明此項差異背後的策略思惟，並闡述詳評、補強、審查經驗與全案推動規劃思考。依據三年來的執行經驗，從進度管理、財務管理、溝通策略，提出對教育部、營建署、縣市政府與詳評技師的建議。整個專案的功能在以更少的經費，讓達到安全標準的校舍更多、進入安全標準的時間更早。

Key factors of success in seismic evaluation and retrofit lie in competing with earthquakes; however, most of the school buildings were demolished from traditional evaluation system. There is a limitation in the ability to improve the number of buildings in a year under a fixed budget in the government. In order to speed up the pace, Tainan City Government has carried out an overall preliminary evaluation since 2005. According to the results, those with lower seismic coefficient must be further evaluated and academically inspected to examine the evaluation results and retrofit programs. After establishing the inspection mechanism, it was found that there is still a big space for improvement in the traditional evaluation and retrofit approach. Comparing the differences for the last 6 years, it was found that 616 million in NTD was spent from 2003 to 2006 on renovating 14 school buildings. An average of 44 million was spent on each building. After the inspection system came into effect, 256 million was spent from 2007 to 2008 on renovating 25 school buildings, with an average of 10.24 million on each building. On the aspect of time, the first 4 years were spent on renovating 14 buildings, while the latter 2 years were spent on renovating 25 buildings, thereby, increasing the speed of renovating 7 buildings in 2 years to 25 buildings in 2 years. This accelerated the safety improvement of 18 buildings in time. This article explains the strategies of this difference behind the scenes, as well as interprets the experiences of evaluation, inspection and retrofit with the entire case. It also points out suggestions to the Ministry of Education, Construction and Planning Agency, Ministry of the Interior, local governments and technician, based on pace management, financial management, and communication strategies. The success of the project lies in using lesser funds, renovating more buildings with higher safety standards as early as possible.