發展中的廣效型流感疫苗

Universal Influenza Vaccines Under Development

流行性感冒對人類健康持續造成威脅，其主要肇因於疫苗的保護力不完整以及日漸增多的對抗病毒藥物的抗藥性。特別是發生流感大流行時更顯急迫，這也決定發展更加安全而且有效對抗各型流感病毒疫苗的重要性。本文簡述廣效型流感疫苗的概念與發展狀況，這類疫苗以流感病毒主要結構蛋白M2e、HA及其他蛋白上高度保留的胺基酸序列為發展標的，企圖建構可以對抗各個時期、來自不同區域的各種病毒株的有效疫苗。文中整理相關的研究成果，並說明此類疫苗的發展潛力與可能性。

The continuous threat of influenza is due to imperfect vaccines and widespread resistance to existing antivirals. This problem is particularly acute during a pandemic. It determines the urgency and necessity to develop safe and effective vaccines against divergent influenza viruses. This article describes the concept and development of universal influenza vaccine based on the relatively conserved sequences of M2e, HA and other proteins of influenza virus. Several research results were summarized briefly to demonstrate the possibility and potential of such universal vaccines.