女性對生涯阻礙知覺之質的分析

A Qualitative Analysis of Career Barriers Perceived by Women in Taiwan

本研究以質的分析方式探討女性所知覺到的生涯阻礙類別。小研究對象為十二名女性大專學生或在職成人，經半結構式的訪談之後，以基礎理論（Grounded theory）質的分析方式進行訪談逐字稿的分析，並參考生涯阻礙理論及相關實徵研究，建立一假設性的生涯阻礙階層模式。階曆模式中的最底部包括自我觀念、職業觀念、工作環境、個人背景、人事背景、支持來源、小孩的照顧、結婚、以及來自原生家庭的種種因素;經意義單元的編碼及核心類別的發展等步驟之後，模式的最頂端為環境、個人心理、及社會人際三大類因素。未來可針對此一模式作進一步的實徵驗證。

The purpose of the study was to examine the types of career-related barriers perceived by women in a Chinese culture. Twelve women across the six types of vocational fields defined by Holland (1985) were interviewed. The grounded theory methodology (B. G. Glaser & A. L. Strauss, 1967) was used to generate a model describing career-related barriers perceived by the participants. The theoretical model generated from the data was hierarchic, in which broad categories were separated into categories and then subcategories based on finer distinctions. Specifically, at the top of the model the career-related barriers are divided into three categories: (1) background/environment,(2)personal/psychological, and (3 )social/interpersonal. At the button of the model were ten specific types of career barriers, such as vocational self-concept, interpersonal relationship, marriage, child-rearing, social support, and gender-related factors, etc. A detailed description and illustrative quotations from participants were presented and discussed.